If you're learning about radios, it's important to understand the key differences between digital and analog radios. Explaining all the details of the digital vs. analog radio debate would require a lengthy technical article, and that would be overwhelming for beginners, so we'll give you the simplified Cliff's Notes version instead.
Most consumer-grade two-way radios and walkie-talkies are analog, meaning they send information (i.e. your voice) in a continuous wave. Digital radios convert information into packets of binary data (ones and zeros), which are sent over the air and converted back into audio by the receiver. Rather than a continuous wave, digital signal is intermittent.
In practical terms, this means that the quality of analog transmissions gradually declines as distance increases. If you’re near the edge of an analog radio’s range, voices may sound garbled or may be drowned out by white noise. On the other hand, digital radios maintain loud and clear audio quality all the way to the end of the covered area, at which point signal will cut out completely.
Pros and Cons of Digital Radios
For the sake of brevity, we’ll leave you with some general pros and cons for digital radio:
PROS
- Clearer audio quality
- Longer usable range
- Up to 50-percent longer battery life due to low standby power consumption
- Capable of transmitting voice or data (text messages, GPS coordinates, caller ID, etc.)
- Capable of “splitting” channels to allow simultaneous private conversations from multiple users
- Wide variety of encryption and privacy features
CONS
- Vastly more expensive than analog
- Programming has a steep learning curve, and often requires special (expensive) equipment and/or software
- Most systems are designed for enterprise applications with dozens of radios, making features unfriendly to personal or family use
