How to Make an Adjustable Waterproof Tinder Wick

Starting a fire in an emergency is often paramount to staying warm and staying alive, especially during the colder months. However, if it's wet outside, you may have a very tough time getting the first few damp pieces of kindling to ignite. This is where a good source of tinder material becomes important — it allows you to bolster the initial spark from your lighter, match, or ferro rod into a healthy flame.

Far North Bushcraft fire tinder rope wax lighter ferro 6

Braided cotton or jute rope can be effective as tinder, but it's also sensitive to moisture. Applying petroleum jelly or paraffin wax aids waterproofing and extends burn time. This is nothing new; many bushcrafters and survivalists make their own waxed cotton, and commercially-available products like FireCord incorporate a pre-waxed tinder strand. However, we recently came across a pretty cool way of enhancing and regulating burn rate of a waxed cotton rope.

Far North Bushcraft fire tinder rope wax lighter ferro 5

In the video below, Lonnie of Far North Bushcraft and Survival demonstrates his adjustable waterproof tinder wick. It uses a braided cotton rope about the size of a pencil — strands cut from a cheap cotton mop head should work well for this, or you could braid your own rope from individual strings. The rope is dipped in paraffin candle wax, and a 1-inch-wide strip of aluminum from a soda can is wrapped around the rope, forming a sliding collar.

Far North Bushcraft fire tinder rope wax lighter ferro 3

The rope is waterproof due to the wax, and can be ignited normally with a lighter, match, or ferro rod. Then, the user can slide the collar up to slow the burn and regulate the flame size, or slide it completely over the burning end and cut off oxygen to extinguish the flame completely. It's a pretty clever trick, and left us wondering, why didn't we think of that?!

Next time you're looking to replenish your tinder supply, consider this option. It seems like an ingenious idea that could help your tinder wick last much longer.


New: First Tactical Watches – Fathom and Ridgeline

First Tactical produces just about everything you'd need for a complete EDC loadout — apparel, boots backpacks, knives, flashlights, hats and gloves. The company has continued to branch out for 2017, expanding its collection of watches from one model to three.

First Tactical canyon fathom ridgeline watch edc electronics 6

Two new watches, the Fathom (left) and Ridgeline (center), join the existing Canyon Digital Compass (right).

The initial watch, known as the Canyon Digital Compass, was released in late 2016. The Canyon includes a digital time display and second hand, as well as day, date, and compass functions. Its large rubberized bezel and polymer band are designed for tough outdoor use. Color choices include black, coyote, and OD green; MSRP is $140.

First Tactical canyon fathom ridgeline watch edc electronics 2

The Fathom Stainless Dive Watch is an all-new analog model in the line of First Tactical watches. This watch is waterproof to 200 meters, and uses a stainless steel housing, stainless bezel, and screw-down crown.

First Tactical canyon fathom ridgeline watch edc electronics 8

Super-luminova glow-in-the-dark hands and markings improve nighttime visibility. It's available in either polished Titanium finish or black; MSRP is $250.

First Tactical canyon fathom ridgeline watch edc electronics 3

The Ridgeline Carbon Field Watch resembles a modernized version of the vintage field watches issued by many military organizations in the past. It's constructed from ultra-light carbon resin PA material, with a medium-sized face and large markings.

First Tactical canyon fathom ridgeline watch edc electronics 7

The durable laser-cut nylon webbing band also keeps weight at a minimum, and luminous hands maintain low-light visibility. The First Tactical Ridgeline is available in black with OD green band or brushed stainless with black band. MSRP is $190.

For more information on the new First Tactical watches and other EDC gear, visit FirstTactical.com.

 


H2O Hygiene – Water Filter & Purifier Buyer’s Guide

Clean drinking water is an absolute necessity. It's often said humans can survive three days without water, but during strenuous physical activity, this could be a generous estimate. However, rehydrating isn't as simple as drinking directly from the first pond or stream you find. Even if untreated water looks crystal clear, it may be packed with millions of pathogens that are invisible to the human eye.

In a cruel twist of fate, drinking the wrong water can do more harm than drinking nothing at all.

Waterfall and stream

To avoid becoming ill, you'll need to find a way to remove or inactivate these unseen microbes — which isn't always easy if you're fleeing a catastrophe. In the past, this meant setting up camp, building a fire, and boiling water — a laborious and time-consuming process. Today, there's a better way to provide clean water on the go. Portable water filter or purifier devices come in many shapes, sizes, and configurations, but they all share one key advantage: they can produce clean drinking water quickly and reliably, without the need to set up camp.

Waterborne Pathogens

To better understand water purity, you should be aware of the waterborne vectors that pose the biggest health threat: viruses, bacteria, and protozoan cysts — we'll call them the “Big Three.” Drinking water contaminated with any member of the Big Three family can cause diarrhea, vomiting, fever, fatigue, sudden weight loss, and even death. The most common examples of each are:

  • Bacteria: cholera, E. coli, salmonella
  • Protozoan cysts: amoebae, cryptosporidium, giardia
  • Viruses: hepatitis A, norovirus, rotavirus

dirty-water-bottle

Beyond the Big Three, you may also want to watch for chemicals (such as chlorine and pesticides) and heavy metals (like lead and arsenic). Unless these other contaminants are found in extremely high concentrations, such as in industrial runoff, they probably won't make you sick immediately. However, they can have long-term negative effects on your health.

Particulates, taste, and odor should also be considered. Although they may not be directly harmful to your health, nobody wants to drink murky, gritty, foul-smelling water. Ideally, filters and purifiers should also address these components.

Our Review Procedure

Unlike buyer's guides found in our competitors' pages or websites, RECOIL OFFGRID actually reviews the products. Thoroughly. We don't regurgitate manufacturers' ad copy, but instead test every item and provide our honest assessments. With that said, you'd practically need a PhD in microbiology to understand the dozens of standards and protocols governing water purity.

water-bottles

Adequately testing the purity of water to these exacting standards is impossible without sophisticated lab equipment and highly trained personnel. Off-the-shelf water test kits can't possibly detect the minuscule levels of contaminants we're dealing with here. Microbiological lab testing would be prohibitively expensive and time-consuming for the purposes of this guide. So, rather than focusing on verifying the accuracy of manufacturers' water purification claims, we have provided those claims at face value for comparative purposes.

We also evaluated the filter systems with a focus on practical concerns. These include ease of use, speed of filtration, the ability to clear murky water, and the ability to reduce unpleasant taste and odor.

We carried each device, and learned to use it correctly. Next, we sampled ordinary tap water with each purifier, to see if it altered the water's neutral taste in any way. Then, we simulated turbid or murky water by stirring in a set amount of fine particulate, and observed the clarity of the water produced by each filter. We then taste-tested the filtered water, estimating the system's ability to remove flavors and odors caused by pollutants.

Finally, we dismantled, cleaned, and reassembled each filter, and tested tap water again to establish if any residual taste remained from the turbid water test.

Comparing Effectiveness

Remember how we said we wouldn't get too technical? Well, bear with us, because we're going to need to bend that rule.

Water purifiers are typically measured and rated to remove 99.X percent of viruses, bacteria, or protozoan cysts. Each digit in this percentage represents a power of 10, also called a “log” (short for logarithm). For example, a filter rated to remove 99.99 percent of bacteria would be rated at a “4-log bacteria reduction.” If your water had exactly 1,000,000 microbes in it, a 4-log reduction would mean only 100 of those microbes would be left in the water after treatment — 999,900 microbes would be removed. A 6-log or 99.9999-percent reduction would leave only 1 microbe in the water.

LifeStraw Personal Water Filter in use 2

For the purposes of this comparison chart, the ● symbol represents one decimal place. So, ●●●● represents 99.9999 percent or 6-log reduction rate, ●●● represents 99.999 percent or 5-log, and so on.

According to NSF International and ANSI (two major safety certification organizations), the minimum standard for effective microbiological reduction is 99.9999 percent of bacteria (●●●●), 99.9 percent of protozoan cysts (●), and 99.99 percent of viruses (●●). This is based on a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report called the “Guide Standard and Protocol for Testing Microbiological Water Purifiers.”

Any purifier that meets or exceeds this standard, known as NSF/ANSI P231, can be said to effectively remove virtually all of these three contaminants present in water. Some purifiers actually exceed this NSF/ANSI standard, but as long as the rating is met for all three categories (bacteria, protozoa, and viruses), any difference in water purity beyond this standard can be considered negligible.

In simpler terms, more dots and checkmarks represent better performance.

BacteriaProtozoan CystsVirusesChemicalsHeavy MetalsParticulatesOdor & Taste
NSF/ANSI P231 Standard●●●●●●N/AN/AN/AN/A
Aquamira●●●●●●
GRAYL●●●●●●●●●●●
Icon Lifesaver●●●●●●
LifeStraw●●●●
MSR●●●●●●
Potable Aqua●●●●●●
Renovo●●●Unverified
Sawyer●●●●●●●●●
Brita

Activated Carbon: What It Can & Can't Do

Activated carbon is found in several filters covered in this guide. This substance, also called activated charcoal, is highly porous and captures trace chemical elements found in water. This is especially useful for removing off-putting taste and odor, such as the chlorinated taste of tap water. It can also remove traces of other chemicals, heavy metals, and poisons (see “Poison Eraser” in Issue 15). As a result, filters or purifiers that address taste and odor typically incorporate an activated carbon component.

activated-charcoal-pill-bottle

Activated charcoal can act as a “poison eraser” in the body, but it does not remove pathogens from water.

However — and this is an important point — an activated carbon filter shouldn't be seen as a water purifier by itself. Activated carbon doesn't treat or remove bacteria, protozoan cysts, or viruses. So, it can't prevent you from getting sick from these contaminants.

For comparison purposes, we reviewed a Brita Sport water bottle that exclusively uses an activated carbon filter. It may cost only $10, and it can make your water taste better, but it's not going to prevent the devastating health effects of a bacterial infection or waterborne parasite. Activated carbon filters like this Brita are fine for home use on clean tap water, but they certainly shouldn't be part of your emergency survival kit.

Water Filter & Purifier Buyer's Guide

H2O Hygiene - Filters & Purifiers

  • Aquamira Frontier Max

    Dimensions - 5.7 inches tall, 1.8-inch diameter
    Dry Weight - 3 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 120 gallons (per replaceable cartridge)
    Operation Type - Suction, inline, gravity feed
    Effective Against - Bacteria, protozoan cysts, viruses, chemicals, heavy metals, particulates, taste & odor
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal - $50 / $0.42 / $0.33
    URL - www.aquamira.com

    This filter offers broad-spectrum protection in a pocket-sized kit. It contains a replaceable Red Line filter, which removes contaminants from all of the major categories. Its integrated carbon sleeve substantially improved the taste of tap water. However, upon sucking up murky water, the filter quickly clogged. This slowed the flow rate dramatically, and made suction […]

  • Brita Sport Water Filter Bottle


    Pros: It’s inexpensive. Reduces chlorine taste and odor found in tap water…that’s about it. Cons: Doesn’t remove any bacteria, protozoan cysts, or viruses. Failed to remove most of the particulate and taste in our murky water test

  • Grayl Ultralight

    Dimensions - 9.6 inches tall, 2.9-inch diameter, 16 fluid ounces
    Dry Weight - 10.9 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 40 gallons (per replaceable cartridge)
    Operation Type - Fill outer sleeve, then press down inner reservoir
    Effective Against - Bacteria, protozoan cysts, viruses, chemicals, heavy metals, particulates, taste & odor
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal. - $57 / $1.43 / $0.61
    URL - www.thegrayl.com

    The GRAYL Ultralight recently joined the filtration market following a successful Kickstarter campaign in early 2016. This water bottle is comprised of an outer sleeve and an inner reservoir with attached filter cartridge. It’s intuitive to use — just scoop water into the outer sleeve and use your body weight to press down on the […]

  • Icon Lifesaver Bottle 4000UF

    Dimensions - 12 inches tall, 3.5-inch diameter, 25 fluid ounces
    Dry Weight - 22 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 1,056 gallons (per replaceable cartridge)
    Operation Type - Fill bottle, then pump four to six times
    Effective Against -Bacteria, protozoan cysts, viruses, chemicals, heavy metals, particulates, taste & odor
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal. - $150 / $0.14 / $0.09
    URL - www.iconlifesaver.com

    The British-made Icon Lifesaver bottle is available in three capacities: 1500UF, 4000UF, and 6000UF. The “UF” stands for Ultra Filtration, Icon Lifesaver’s proprietary filter media. We tested the 4000UF model, which is capable of filtering 4,000 liters (or 1,056 gallons). The Lifesaver bottle is easy to use — simply invert, unscrew the base, fill with […]

  • LifeStraw Go Bottle

    Dimensions - 9.3 inches tall, 3.1-inch diameter, 22 fluid ounces
    Dry Weight - 5.9 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 264 gallons (per replaceable cartridge)
    Operation Type - Fill bottle, then drink through straw
    Effective Against - Bacteria, protozoan cysts, particulates
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal. - $30 / $0.11 / $0.07
    URL - www.lifestraw.com

    The LifeStraw Go takes the hollow fiber filtration technology of the original LifeStraw and incorporates it into a sturdy water bottle. It’s a simple concept, but it’s executed well. The blue hard-sided water vessel reminds us of a Nalgene bottle, and it feels as though it could take some abuse. There’s a built-in carrying strap […]

  • MSR Guardian Purifier

    Dimensions - 8.2 by 4.7 by 3.5 inches
    Dry Weight - 17.3 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 2,461 gallons (per replaceable cartridge)
    Operation Type - Pump into separate bucket, water bottle, or hydration bladder (not included)
    Effective Against - Bacteria, protozoan cysts, viruses, particulates
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal. - $350 / $0.14 / $0.06
    URL - www.cascadedesigns.com/msr

    The MSR Guardian purifier uses a pickup hose and pump to force water through a hollow fiber filter and into an attached water bottle or hydration bladder. The pump features a pickup screen to block silt and particulates, and it even self-cleans, visibly pumping out dirty water with every stroke. However, at one point during […]

  • Potable Aqua PURE Electrolytic Water Purifier

    Dimensions - 3 by 1.7 by 1.2 inches
    Dry Weight - 3.8 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 15,850 gallon total lifespan (40 gallons per battery charge)
    Operation Type - Fill chamber with brine (water and table salt), activate device, mix disinfectant with water, wait at least 30 minutes
    Effective Against - Bacteria, protozoan cysts, viruses
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal. - $120 / $0.008 / N/A (no replaceable parts)
    URL - ww.potableaqua.com

    Potable Aqua’s PURE electrolytic water purifier is a device unlike any other we tested. Essentially, this innovative little gadget uses electrolysis to convert table salt (sodium chloride) into a disinfectant solution of chlorine and peroxide. This powerful disinfectant can be mixed with up to 20 liters of water at once and inactivates bacteria, protozoan cysts, […]

  • Renovo Water Trio

    Dimensions - 7.1 inches tall, 1.4-inch diameter
    Dry Weight - 3.5 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 264 gallons (per replaceable cartridge)
    Operation Type - Suction, gravity feed, or screw onto a bottle
    Effective Against - Bacteria, protozoan cysts* (see notes), chemicals, particulates, heavy metals, taste & odor
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal. - $44 / $0.16 / $0.08
    URL - www.renovowater.com

    The Renovo Trio is a straw-style filter with three elements: a pre-filter, a hollow-fiber membrane, and an activated carbon filter. It’s simple to use, flows well, and removed most of the particulates from our murky water test. Nevertheless, after researching the Trio, we noticed other identically designed filters sold under different brand names online. It […]

  • Sawyer MINI Water Filtration System

    Dimensions - 5.5 inches tall, 1.4-inch diameter
    Dry Weight - 2 ounces
    Filtration Lifespan - 100,000 gallons (requires occasional backflush cleaning)
    Operation Type - Suction, inline, squeeze from included pouch, or screw onto a bottle
    Effective Against - Bacteria, protozoan cysts, particulates
    MSRP / Initial Cost per Gal. / Recurring Cost per Gal. - $25 / $0.0003 / N/A (no replaceable parts)
    URL - www.sawyer.com

    With a $25 price tag and claimed 100,000-gallon filtration capacity, the MINI is a clear leader in value. It also lives up to its name, since it’s barely larger than the palm of your hand, and it weighs next to nothing. An included straw and squeeze pouch provide multiple ways to use the filter — […]

More From Issue 15

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Read articles from the next issue of Recoil Offgrid: Issue 16

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Check out our sister publications on the web: Recoil | Gun Digest | Blade

Editor's Note: This article has been modified from its original print version for the web.


Les Stroud’s 3 Tips for Finding Clean Water in a Flood

If you've ever seen the Discovery TV show Survivorman, you'll surely be familiar with host and survival expert Les Stroud. While most of Les's survival journeys were in the wilderness, he also briefly addressed urban survival. In the bonus content on the Survivorman season 3 DVD, there's a 40-minute special video titled “Surviving Urban Disasters” which addresses how to deal with an urban flood scenario.

Les Stroud water distillation flood storm rain catch 2

During this urban survival special, Les discusses one of the most imminent threats to survival: finding clean drinking water. As he aptly points out, water will be everywhere during an urban flood, but drinking it could lead to serious illness. Flood water will be full of raw sewage, chemical runoff, and all sorts of other harmful contaminants. So, you'll need to find a clean source quickly.

Les Stroud water distillation flood storm rain catch 3

If water floods your home, anything below the water line is virtually guaranteed to be contaminated.

In this video, Les provides three quick tips for how to find or obtain clean water, even when all the water around you seems undrinkable. Watch the YouTube mirror below, or click here to view the original version on the Science Channel web site.

To summarize, here are Les Stroud's three methods for finding clean water, and why they're effective:

  • Drink from the toilet tank — This reservoir is above the waterline, and was filled with clean tap water, assuming you haven't flushed it since the flood began. If flushed, the tank may have been refilled with contaminated tap water, so be careful. (Your home water heater is another potential source of clean water.)
  • Distill water — Boiling is effective at killing bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. However, if you suspect your water contains chemical runoff or has mixed with seawater, boiling it will only concentrate these contaminants. Distillation removes most impurities, including salt and chemicals, by heating the water into vapor and condensing the vapor back to liquid.
  • Make a rain catch — A simple rain catch on the windowsill can funnel clean rain water into a container. Just be sure you're collecting pure rain, not runoff from the roof or gutters, as this may be contaminated.

For more Les Stroud survival video clips, check out ScienceChannel.com/tv-shows/Survivorman.


RAM Meets Raptor: The Prefix Minotaur

In Greek mythology, the Minotaur was a terrifyingly-powerful beast with the muscular body of a man and the head of a bull. When Michigan-based automotive company Prefix decided to create its own monstrous Minotaur, they didn't make it part bull — they made it part RAM.

Prefix Minotaur Ram truck bugout off road pickup 8

The Prefix Minotaur is a custom off-road truck conversion based on a RAM 1500. It's inspired by desert race vehicles and “prerunner” trucks; Prefix even entered a race-prepped V10-powered Minotaur in the Baja 1000. The production version of the Minotaur is designed for maximum off-road performance while retaining daily-drivable levels of comfort. Prefix doesn't mention the Ford Raptor, but it's clear this truck is designed with the Raptor in its sights.

Prefix Minotaur Ram truck bugout off road pickup 1

Each Minotaur starts life as a standard RAM 1500 4×4 with a 5.7L HEMI V8, crew cab, and short bed. However, many obvious changes have been made.

The first thing you'll notice is likely the body — new composite fenders are 11 inches wider in front and 8 inches wider in the rear. A low-profile front bumper increases approach/departure angles (41 degrees and 30 degrees, respectively) and ground clearance. It also includes an aluminum skid plate, dual tow hooks, and LED fog lights. Black projector headlights, a black mesh grille, custom Minotaur badging, and embroidered floor mats add to the aesthetics.

Upgrades are more than cosmetic, especially in the suspension department. Each Minotaur comes standard with KORE coilover suspension with a 4-inch lift, Fox Racing 3-inch internal bypass shocks, and an impressive 14 inches of total travel (that's more than a 2017 Raptor, FYI). The truck rides on 17-inch gunmetal wheels and 35-inch General all-terrain tires; 20-inch wheels are optional.

Prefix Minotaur Ram truck bugout off road pickup 9

Buyers can also request a cold-air intake and side-exit Viper-style exhaust for added performance. For those who want even more power, Prefix will install a supercharger on the 5.7L, or can even swap the factory motor for a 6.4L HEMI 392.

Prefix Minotaur Ram truck bugout off road pickup 2

The Prefix Minotaur is available in “any custom color you can dream of” — the truck pictured above is painted in Tequila Lime with optional black vinyl graphics. However, this long-travel truck is a limited-production model; Prefix estimates 200 will be built in 2017. Pricing for a complete Prefix Minotaur truck starts at $60,000. To learn more, visit Prefix.com.

So, what do you think of the Prefix Minotaur? Is it a possible Raptor-killer for Mopar fans, or would you rather choose a different bug-out truck?


Review: Tuff Writer Mini-Click Titanium Tactical Pen

When it comes to choosing everyday-carry gear, less is more. EDC is all about maximizing your capability to solve daily problems, and doing so as efficiently as possible. Heavy, bulky, single-function tools don't belong in this category — the goal is not to look like the tacticool version of Batman, with a utility belt packed full of oddly-specific gadgets. EDC tools should be justified based on their size, weight, durability, and effectiveness at a variety of tasks. If these variables are out of whack, the tool probably doesn't belong in your pocket.

The tactical pen is a perfect example of a multi-purpose EDC tool. It's undeniably handy for jotting notes and filling out paperwork on a day-to-day basis, but is also designed for use as an impact weapon in self-defense scenarios. And, much like pocket knives, tactical pen designs range from basic and affordable to intricate and exotic.

Tuff Writer mini-click tactical pen 09

Tuff Writer Tactical Pens

Today, Tuff Writer is an industry-leader in the tactical pen market, but the company started out as a personal project by founder Jack Roman.

Tuff Writer Jack Roman tactical pen 1

About eight years ago, Jack designed and produced his first tactical pens for members of his martial arts training group in Chandler, Arizona. He writes, “We trained everything from empty hand to stick, knife, and improvised weapons tactics… I suggested that someone should make a pen that would serve as an improvised defensive tool. [My instructor's] reply was, ‘Great idea [expletive], why don’t you do that and make us some.'”

Editor's Note: In this article, we'll share some excerpts of our interview with Jack Roman, but there's a lot more info about his journey with Tuff Writer that we couldn't fit here. Click here to read the entire uncut interview with more of Jack's thoughts and insights.

The Frontline was Jack's first tactical pen design, and showed that Tuff Writer was a viable business.

The Frontline was Jack's first tactical pen design, and showed that Tuff Writer was a viable business.

“The idea was just stuck in my head. So I took the money I had in savings, hired a mechanical engineer to help me with the first design, and got to work.” The end result was the Tuff Writer Frontline tactical pen. Through word-of-mouth and the launch of the company's web site, orders were soon pouring in from law enforcement officers, military members, and martial artists from far and wide.

The Tuff Writer Operator series was inspired by the success of the original Frontline.

Jack continued to build on this success through tooling improvements and new designs. As Tuff Writer grew, he remained determined to continue designing and manufacturing the pens in the USA.

He writes, “Outsourcing was never part of the plan. That was a conscious decision from the very start… You can usually make it cheaper somewhere else but rarely can you make it better somewhere else. For us, keeping manufacturing in the USA is and always will be a core value. We now have 3 CNC machines and do everything from design to prototyping and machining as well as post machine finishing (tumbling, brushing, flaming and polishing, etc.) in-house.”

The Original Mini-Click

After several well-received capped pen designs, Jack saw the demand for a tough tactical pen with the convenience of a click mechanism. His friends Roy Huntington and Mike Janich also suggested a smaller model for shirt-pocket carry, and this led to the creation of the Mini-Click. The first-generation aluminum Mini-Click was launched on Kickstarter, and quickly developed a strong fan base.

Tuff Writer Jack Roman tactical pen 3

The original Mini-Click was designed with a small footprint for carry in a shirt pocket.

After the Mini-Click Kickstarter project took off, Jack listened intently to his customers. “Quite a few people started asking about a titanium version. I took the opportunity to incorporate some small design improvements here and there based on user feedback, and pretty soon I found that virtually every piece had changed. We were looking at a Gen-2 Mini-Click.”

Jack returned to the drawing board for the Mini-Click Gen 2. Every piece of the pen has been revised and improved.

Jack went back to the drawing board for Gen 2. Nearly every piece of the pen has been revised.

In January 2017, the second-gen Tuff Writer Mini-Click pen launched on Kickstarter. That same month, we met Jack at SHOT Show in Las Vegas, and he graciously gave us one of the very first Mini-Click Gen 2 pens to test and review. After bringing it back home, snapping some photos, and using it for several weeks, we'll share our thoughts on this new tactical pen.

Mini-Click Gen 2 Review

Tuff Writer mini-click tactical pen 11

The first thing you'll notice about the all-new Mini-Click pen seen here is its core component: titanium. You won't even need to pick it up to tell the difference — its flamed finish produces colorful bands that indicate this pen isn't aluminum like its predecessor.

Tuff Writer mini-click tactical pen 18

When exposed to intense heat, the titanium changes color from neutral grey to warm brown, then purple, and finally vibrant blue. This multi-colored treatment is applied by hand; Tuff Writer's Kickstarter says every pen is different, “like a snowflake, a virtually indestructible titanium snowflake.”

In person, the flamed finish is a real head-turner, and it received compliments almost every time it came out of our pockets. Even those who would normally be disinterested in EDC gear were saying, “Wow, that's a cool pen.

Of course, this isn't the only finish available for the new Mini-Click — far from it. Here's a quick list of some of the other materials and finishes Tuff Writer currently offers:

  • Titanium (Grade 5 / 6AL4V) – polished, blasted, tumbled, brushed, or flamed
  • Copper (C145 Tellurium) – polished, flamed, or tumbled
  • Brass (360) – polished, tumbled, or aged
The new Mini-Click pens are available in three materials and many different finishes.

The new Mini-Click pens are available in three materials and many different finishes.

The new materials and finishes give the Mini-Click Gen 2 a new look, but the changes are more than skin-deep. Numerous subtle modifications have been implemented to make the second-generation pens more versatile and easier to use.

Recessed, firmer O-rings improve comfort and grip.

Jack summarized a few technical changes:

  • Tip opening is now .002″ larger to accept Fisher, Foray, Parker, Waterman and many other common ink refills
  • Top O-ring groove is now also below the tip-to-body mating seam
  • O-rings are Buna-70 (a firm rubber) and thicker as well as being recessed deeper
  • Clip is slightly thinner to aid flexibility
  • Updated 416SS mechanism with improved race design (custom tooling to cut the race and remove burs in one toolpath)

Tuff Writer mini-click tactical pen 12

These modifications would almost certainly go unnoticed unless you were looking for them. However, they demonstrate the degree of focus and care that Tuff Writer puts into these pens. They're not just writing instruments, they're precision-machined tools. Jack is clearly not one to say a design is good enough — he's continuously looking for ways to improve his product.

Tuff Writer mini-click tactical pen 13

Technical aspects aside, the new 416SS click mechanism is definitely worth mentioning. Instead of buying one of the many plastic or brass advancing mechanisms from an outside manufacturer, Tuff Writer designed and built its own proprietary mechanism from 416 stainless steel. This is machined on an ultra-precise Citizen L20 Swiss-type CNC lathe, and dimensions are controlled down to absurd 0.0005-inch tolerances. The machined pieces and chrome ball-bearings are assembled by hand under a magnifier.

You may ask, why does this matter? First of all, it makes the click incredibly smooth, which feels great under the thumb. More importantly, it's extremely strong and reliable. For a pen that's designed to be used as a self-defense impact weapon and slammed into hard objects, that's a must.

Tuff Writer mini-click tactical pen 16

The bottom line: retail MSRP for the titanium Mini-Click seen here is $155, including a $5 premium for the flamed finish. Brass and copper models will be available for $125 retail. If you're looking to save some cash, limited-time discounts are currently available on Kickstarter. Those who back the project before it ends on Monday, February 27th can get a brass or copper pen for $96, or a titanium pen for $100.

Tuff Writer mini-click tactical pen 02

Some will say this is a lot of money for a pen, but it should be obvious that this is certainly no ordinary pen. As is true for high-end knives, watches, and other precision-machined items, quality craftsmanship doesn't come cheap — and this is about as high-quality as an EDC pen can conceivably get. We're also encouraged by Jack's commitment to American manufacturing. In his own words, “we make the best products we know how to make, and then stand behind them all the way.”

Conclusions

Whether you're looking for a writing instrument that's capable of withstanding the apocalypse, or you just need something reliable to write with on a daily basis, there's a lot to like about the new Mini-Click. It looks like a work of art, feels sturdy, and it's built like a Swiss watch.

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Most importantly, it's exceedingly comfortable to use, since the recessed O-rings provide substantial grip without shredding your finger after the first paragraph. We tried ink refills from a few other pens to confirm that they work, but preferred the included Fisher Space Pen cartridge. Still, it's nice to have the expanded compatibility as an option.

Tuff Writer also makes this anodized aluminum D22 keychain carabiner, which doubles as a bottle-opener.

The Tuff Writer Mini-Click Gen 2 sets a high bar for tactical pens, and for pens in general. There's only one catch: like the flawless edge on a brand-new knife, it looks so good that we almost hesitate to subject it to the beating it's designed to withstand. Oh well — scratches build character, and this tool is meant to be used.

At the end of our conversation, Jack left us with these words:

“Thank you to everyone who has come along on the ride with us. I feel privileged to be a part of this industry and the community. I’m a big believer in the idea that we’re all in it together, to that end I invite everyone to keep in touch by following us on Instagram or on Facebook and see what we’ve got going on. Also, stop by at the shows to say hi, or send us an email telling us what you think or what you’d like to see next.”

For more information on the Tuff Writer Mini-Click Gen 2, visit the company's Kickstarter page. For news and info on other Tuff Writer products, go to TuffWriter.com.


Unconventional Weapon: Full-Auto Power Drill Crossbow

If there's one thing we've learned from studying improvised weapons, it's to never underestimate human creativity. Convicts come up with new ways to attack their fellow inmates, stranded castaways develop rudimentary hunting tools, and garage tinkerers craft ingenious contraptions from limited materials. When there's enough time and determination, it's possible to make some impressively powerful improvised weaponry.

This is the face of a man who loves making improvised weapons.

This is the face of a man who REALLY loves making improvised weapons.

We recently came across a video from a German YouTuber named Joerg Sprave, which shows a sort of MacGyvered projectile weapon we never would have dreamed of. Joerg built a full-auto crossbow from some plywood, wood screws, rubber bands, a little aluminum, and a Makita power drill. These are all items you'd find in an ordinary garage, workshop, or hardware store.

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Joerg's crossbow works via a relatively simple gearbox. Pulling the trigger on the drill turns an aluminum-reinforced wood gear, which cocks the crossbow and puts tension on the rubber bands. When the crossbow reaches the cocked position, the gear disengages, a bolt drops into place, and a trigger sear releases the bow. The drill continues turning the gear, and the cycle repeats, firing up to 32 aluminum bolts before it's necessary to reload.

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You might be thinking that this is some sort of toy, but wait until you see what it can do. Accuracy doesn't appear to be its strong suit, but it embeds the crossbow bolts firmly into plywood, even at what the host says is a distance of 40 meters (131 feet). You definitely wouldn't want to be on the other end of this:

Joerg later made a version with a replaceable magazine (although the thumbnail image incorrectly calls it a “clip”). He also discusses some of the challenges he encountered while developing the weapon, and responds to viewers' questions:


Infographic: Comprehensive Guide to Composting

Trash is a fact of life, especially in our densely-packed and urbanized society. Due to modern infrastructure and trash pickup services, we often don't consider the sheer volume of trash each home produces — we wheel it out to the street, the garbage truck comes, and it's out of sight and out of mind. However, if a major disaster occurs, trash pickup services will cease and waste buildup will become a serious problem.

Trash garbage waste landfill

One solution that can alleviate the burden of waste buildup is composting. By burying organic material in a layered structure with the right amount of moisture, composting naturally degrades waste into valuable fertilizer. Grass, leaves, sawdust, paper, cardboard, fruit peels, eggshells, and even hair can be re-purposed into a substance that enriches your soil and helps your home garden thrive.

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In everyday life, composting is easy and beneficial. When trash pickup is not an option, composting is even more attractive. The alternative is a smelly disorganized trash heap that serves no purpose — unless you're looking to attract rodents or insect pests. A properly-constructed compost heap will put this waste to good use.

The following infographic from Fix.com shows the benefits of compost, and how it turns trash into treasure. Click here to download a full-size version. (Note that the items you “cannot” compost may vary depending on local laws; in an emergency, composting human and animal waste is an option, but it may be against the law during normal circumstances.)

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New: Danger Ranger Bear Woodsman Shirt

Wool is an incredibly versatile material. Despite the common misconception that it's rough, itchy, and stifling, high-quality wool apparel is extremely durable, protective, and moisture-resistant. This is why wool-based fabrics have seen a resurgence in popularity for outdoor use in harsh conditions.

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Prometheus Design Werx has released a new 3-season wool outdoor shirt under its Danger Ranger Bear brand. The shirt is called the Danger Ranger Bear Woodsman, and is inspired by the classic appearance of vintage outdoor apparel. The company says, “The DRB Woodsman Shirt is equally at home in the wilderness, at the work shop, or inside the cabin of your favorite overlanding rig. This is a modern classic we think Teddy Roosevelt would have approved of.”

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The new DRB Woodsman shirts are made in small batches in the USA, from a Melton blend of 85% wool and 15% nylon. The shirt uses triple-needle stitching and bar tacks, double-reinforced elbows, and tough PDW slotted buttons for maximum durability.

Long sleeves, dual chest pockets, and a camp-style collar provide a simple and classic appearance. The chest pockets are buttoned and zippered for secure closure, and are scaled to fit most modern smartphones. The left pocket also includes a pen/pencil slot.

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The Woodsman shirt is available in two standard colors: navy blue and owl grey. There's also a Special-Edition model in genuine Woolrich Heritage red-black plaid wool. All DRB Woodsman shirts are designed for regular fit, and range in size from small to XXL. The standard shirts are available at an MSRP of $159, and the Special-Edition is available at an MSRP of $169.

For more information on the Danger Ranger Bear Woodsman shirt, visit PrometheusDesignWerx.com.


New: Ultimate Wild SL-750 Killswitch Hunting Spotlight

Hunting requires precise observation of one's surroundings in order to track down prey. However, experienced hunters also know that it's easy to spook prey — it only takes one slip-up to lose your opportunity for a shot. In a survival situation, this becomes even more important, since you can't afford to make mistakes if you're hunting to put food on the table.

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At night, this process becomes even more difficult, since it's hard to find and track game animals without adequate illumination. On the flipside, too much light will alert prey of your presence. The Ultimate Wild SL-750 Killswitch hunting spotlight is intended to meet this delicate balance of lighting needs, with a dual-LED system for both spotting and targeting. A red LED can be used for locating prey without spooking them, while a standard 750-lumen white LED provides clear vision for the pivotal moment before you take your shot.

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The SL-750 is new for 2017, with a pistol-grip handle that uses a polymer resin-fiber compound for improved durability and comfort. A weather-resistant power switch allows the user to quickly flip on the light and change colors. The built-in rechargeable lithium-ion battery offers up to 8 hours of total run time, and includes a USB-output port for charging small electronic devices in the field.

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Here are the key specs of the SL-750 Killswitch light:

  • Output: 750 lumens
  • Dual CREE LED with 50,000-hour lifespan
  • Battery: Rechargeable lithium-ion
  • Chargers: Includes wall charger and 12V car charger
  • Length: 7 inches
  • Bezel Diameter: 5 inches
  • Weight: 13.8 ounces
  • MSRP: $90

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For more information on the Ultimate Wild SL-750 Killswitch spotlight, visit UltimateWild.com.