Guide to Hands-Free Lighting

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This article was originally published in Issue 2 of our magazine.

We all know that having instant access to a bright stream of light anytime you need it can not only be incredibly useful, but also in some situations, it can even be a potential lifesaver. Many of us may rely on a trusty flashlight that we've had for years to light up dark areas and some of us even lean on a flashlight app on our smart phones when in a pinch. While the reasons you'd want light in low- or no-light spaces are obvious, it isn't always obvious that your all-important choice of light implement can end up tying up another crucial tool of yours, such as your hands.

If you've ever explored the crevices of your truck's undercarriage or the dark corners of your basement, you've probably run into a situation where you find yourself biting down on a flashlight, precariously aiming its beam with your teeth while working with your two hands. You don't need us to tell you that isn't an ideal situation to be in. In a disaster scenario where you need both of your hands to get someone or even yourself out of danger, the need to have your hands freed up is multiplied exponentially.

In addition to handheld lights, hands-free lights should be a part of everyone's disaster preparedness kit. The most common hands-free-style lights are ones that are worn on the head. Out of your hands and constantly pointed in the direction that you are looking, headband-mounted lights are great when you need to see what you are doing or where you are going while keeping your hands available for any job. Those aren't the only options, however. Other lights that do not tie up your hands include glove- and baseball cap-mounted, as well as clip-on and magnetic lights.

Hands-free lights vary not only in method of attachment, but intended purpose, as well. Some are made with high-powered lamps that can penetrate deep into the darkness, while others are made to flood a large workspace. Since you may not always need the surface of the sun at the push of a button, some lights are made to dimly light up one's personal space for reading or map navigation without the blinding effect. With so many options, we recommend not having only one type of hands-free light available to you. Let's take a closer look at some of the different offerings that are currently out in the marketplace.

Guide to Hands-Free Lighting

  • Coleman Mini LED EPOD Lights

    Make & Model - Coleman Mini LED EPOD Lights
    Weight - 1.1 oz for one
    Battery Type - CR2032 (2)
    Lumen Rating - 16
    Average Runtime - 10 hr
    Range - 16 ft
    MSRP - $15 (pack of 2)
    URL - http://www.coleman.comv
    Notes - The Mini LED EPODs typically come two in a pack (we've seen more) and are a great low-cost way to get a little bit of light wherever you need it. With their three attachment points, you can hang, clip, or stick them via a magnet all over the house to have them handy at a moment's notice. Safer than candles, the LEDs provide sufficient light to get what you need done.
    Features - Can be hung with attached band
    Belt clip
    Magnet-backed


    The Mini LED EPODs typically come two in a pack (we've seen more) and are a great low-cost way to get a little bit of light wherever you need it.

  • Dorcy 41-2097 134 Lumen Headlight Spot Beam

    Make & Model - Dorcy 41-2097 134 Lumen Headlight Spot Beam
    Weight - 2.9 oz
    Battery Type - AAA (3)
    Lumen Rating - high 134
    Average Runtime - low
    Range - 387 ft
    MSRP - $24.99
    URL - http://www.dorcy.com
    Notes - The 41-2097 incorporates a lightweight plastic housing with a single activation pushbutton switch. Push the button three times to rotate through high, low, and strobe modes. The spot light beam is adjustable down almost 90 degrees and lights up areas well past 300 feet.
    Features - High, low, and strobe light modes
    Spot beam lens
    Light head rotates down 80 degrees


    The Dorcy 41-2097 incorporates a lightweight plastic housing with a single activation pushbutton switch. Push the button three times to rotate through high, low, and strobe modes.

  • Energizer Micro Sport

    Make & Model - Energizer Micro Sport
    Weight - 1.7 oz
    Battery Type - AAA (2), CR2032 (1)
    Lumen Rating - low 18 / high 37
    Average Runtime - low 9 hr / high 3.5 hr
    Range - not listed
    MSRP - $23.99
    URL - http://www.energizer.com
    Notes - If you need to be visible, the Micro Sport's Safety Flasher is right up your alley. The Safety Flasher can be mounted anywhere across the headband and is activated by a button at the top of the housing. The main light is powered by two AAA batteries, which make it pretty bright. Disadvantages are that the headlamp is not independently adjustable for elevation, meaning that you need to adjust the placement of the headband to point the beam where you want it. Also, a CR2032 battery powers the Safety Flasher, which is not as common as the ubiquitous AAA.
    Features - Three lighting modes
    Safety Flasher blinks red and mounts at the back of the head
    Safety Flasher has a 95hr runtime


    If you need to be visible, the Micro Sport's Safety Flasher is right up your alley. The Safety Flasher can be mounted anywhere across the headband and is activated by a button at the top of the housing.

  • ExtremeBeam OSR-800 Headlamp

    Make & Model - ExtremeBeam OSR-800 Headlamp
    Weight - 3.9 oz
    Battery Type - AAA (3)
    Lumen Rating - 180
    Average Runtime - 24 hr
    Range - 550 ft
    MSRP - $29.95
    URL - http://www.extremebeam.com
    Notes - The OSR-800 looks big, because frankly, it is big. The housing is enormous when compared to some of the other models featured in this guide. That being said, we found the OSR-800 to be fairly balanced, and the included three-strap headband kept it in place well. Unique to this model is a telescoping lens housing that allows you to focus the light beam from flood to spotlight. We tried the spotlight at night outdoors and can tell you that the spotlight goes quite some distance; we estimate the usable beam of light is around 500 feet out—not too shabby for a hands-free light.
    Features - Four modes, including SOS flashing
    Beam is adjustable for focused or wide-spread light
    Lamp head swivels downward as much as 90 degrees


    The ExtremeBeam OSR-800 headlamp is fairly balanced, and the included three-strap headband kept it in place well. And the housing is enormous when compared to some of the other models

  • Gerber Myth Hands Free Light

    Make & Model - Gerber Myth Hands Free Light
    Weight - 1.4 oz
    Battery Type - AAA (1)
    Lumen Rating - 25
    Average Runtime - 5 hr
    Range - 82 ft
    MSRP - $27
    URL - http://www.gerbergear.com
    Notes - With two brightness settings controlled by a single button, the Myth Hands Free Light is easy to use and built so that it feels like it can take some abuse. The rotating light head is easy to point up and down to adjust just where you want the light to aim. The light is bright and makes working and cooking in darkness a breeze. It is also suitable for lighting up a small area in front of you if you're on the move. A single, commonly found AAA battery powers it, which is a plus.
    Features - High and low light output modes
    Headlamp width 2.13 in
    White LED light


    With two brightness settings controlled by a single button, the Myth Hands Free Light is easy to use and built so that it feels like it can take some abuse.

  • Mammut T-Trail + Ambient Light Dry Bag

    Make & Model - Mammut T-Trail + Ambient Light Dry Bag
    Weight - 2.5 oz
    Battery Type - AAA (3)
    Lumen Rating - 60
    Average Runtime - low 80 hr / high 20 hr
    Range - 98 ft
    MSRP - $49.95
    URL - http://www.mammut.ch
    Notes - The T-Trail features a long runtime and a rotating light head that can move down 45 degrees for ease of adjustment. A standout feature of this light is the accessory it comes with. The Ambient Light Dry Bag is used in conjunction with the head-mounted lamp to diffuse light to create a soft wide area light. When deployed, the bag and light combo can be used to cook or read with. When not in use, the dry bag can be stowed away or even used as a waterproof storage bag.
    Features - Four LED lamp
    Flood light pattern
    Ambient light dry bag


    The T-Trail features a long runtime and a rotating light head that can move down 45 degrees for ease of adjustment. A standout feature of this light is the accessory it comes with...

  • Mechanix Wear The Original Glove Light

    Make & Model - Mechanix Wear The Original Glove Light
    Weight - 4.5 oz
    Sizes - Small to XX-Large
    Battery Type - AAAA (2)
    MCD Rating - 25,000
    Average Runtime - 14 hr
    Range - not listed
    MSRP - $39.99
    URL - http://www.mechanix.com
    Notes - Mechanix is already known the world over for its industry-leading work gloves. It was only a matter of time when it paired them up with a light to help get things done in the dark. The Original Glove Light comes with a rubberized single, 8mm LED light unit that can be transferred from either glove. Mounted via hook-and-loop fasteners, the light unit is easily activated with gloved hands by pressing on its top-positioned power button. When trying the gloves out, we found that the light being on the back of the hand to be useful, while having its drawback, as well. While tinkering with a small repair job, we found that the light cannot directly cover the space where your fingers work. The ambient light it gave off helped, but not as much as direct lighting would have. The light is a good secondary hands-free light; the fact that it is attached to protective gloves is a huge bonus.
    Features - 8mm white LED
    Detachable light is repositionable to either glove
    Machine-washable glove is made of spandex, synthetic leather, and thermal plastic rubber


    The Original Glove Light comes with a rubberized single, 8mm LED light unit that can be transferred from either glove. Mounted via hook-and-loop fasteners, the light unit is easily activated with gloved hands by pressing on its top-positioned power button.

  • Olight H15 Wave LED Headlamp

    Make & Model - Olight H15 Wave LED Headlamp
    Weight - 3.31 oz
    Battery Type - AAA (4)
    Lumen Rating - low 4.2 / high 150
    Average Runtime - low 72 hr / high 3 hr
    Range - 213 ft
    MSRP - $39.95
    URL - http://www.olightusa.com
    Notes - The H15 Wave gets major points for ingenuity and keeping within the hands-free theme. It is equipped with an IR sensor that senses the wave of your hand in front of the unit, which activates and even adjusts the light. One quick wave at about 3 to 4 inches in front of the unit will turn the light on. Another quick wave will dim the light. Any motion beyond that range doesn't affect the light's function. That's great for when you really need to activate and adjust light with a quick wave, but we discovered that when we did use that feature, the light splash back from our hand routinely blinded us. We also found the different light controls to be confusing to operate, and sometimes our hands would inadvertently activate or change the light function, which was an annoyance. The overall size of the unit, including the rear-mounted battery pack (which features a dim red light for safety), is pretty hefty, but the three-strap headband made it comfortable to wear. The unit's light quality was excellent, however.
    Features - Two light sources, one CREE XM-L white LED and two red LEDs
    Light can be activated at the wave of your hand
    Swivel light diffuser lens
    Lamp head swivels downward as much as 75 degrees


    The H15 Wave gets major points for ingenuity and keeping within the hands-free theme. It is equipped with an IR sensor that senses the wave of your hand in front of the unit, which activates and even adjusts the light.

  • Petzl Strix VL

    Make & Model - Petzl Strix VL
    Weight - 4.4 oz
    Battery Type - AA (1)
    Lumen Rating - 40
    Average Runtime - low 65 hr / high 4.5 hr
    Range - 131 ft
    MSRP - $89.95
    URL - http://www.petzl-tactical.com
    Notes - Specifically made for military operations, the Strix VL would fit right in with the rest of your doomsday gear. It's built to last and features a body that rotates 180 degrees horizontally and a light head that rotates 120 degrees vertically, giving you unprecedented viewing adjustments and mounting options. The light can attach to the included headband or even directly to a rail on a military-style helmet if you've got one.
    Features - Dual rotating adjustments
    White, red, green, and blue lights
    Highly impact-, crush-, water-, dust-resistant


    Specifically made for military operations, the Strix VL would fit right in with the rest of your doomsday gear. It's built to last and features a body that rotates 180 degrees horizontally and a light head that rotates 120 degrees vertically.

  • Spark SD-52NW

    Make & Model - Spark SD-52NW
    Weight - 4.23 oz
    Battery Type - AA (2)
    Lumen Rating - low 0.5 / high 280
    Average Runtime - low 50 days / high 1.5 hr
    Range - not listed
    MSRP - $89
    URL - http://www.spark-light.com
    Notes - The SD-52NW features a neutral white light that is easy on the eyes, even in its brightest mode. The maximum lumen rating is listed at 280, although it doesn't seem nearly that bright. It could be because the light is made to cover a wide area in front of the user and not a focused sharp beam. The aluminum body is heavy, but the three-strap headband keeps it in place. A feature we really like is the reverse polarity protected circuit. That means that no matter how you install the AA batteries, the light will not short. For proper operation, you only need to install the two batteries in opposite directions in either terminal, one with the positive terminal in first and the other with the negative terminal first. This way, you can replace batteries in complete darkness going by feel only without worrying about shorting the unit. That's a definite plus.
    Features - Reverse polarity protected circuit
    Hard anodized aluminum body
    Single-button operation
    Optional pocket clip and magnet mounts included


    The SD-52NW features a neutral white light that is easy on the eyes, even in its brightest mode. The maximum lumen rating is listed at 280, although it doesn't seem nearly that bright.

  • Specialized Tactical Systems NavLight (Magnet/Hook Mount model shown, various models available)

    Make & Model - Specialized Tactical Systems NavLight (Magnet/Hook Mount model shown, various models available)
    Weight - 0.42 oz
    Battery Type - 2016 (2) or 2032 (1) depending on light color
    Lumen Rating - 0-5 variable
    Average Runtime - 12-120 hr, depending on light color
    Range - not listed
    MSRP - $44.99 ($46.74 for the IR model)
    URL - http://www.specializedtactical.com
    Notes - Very small and weighing less than ½ ounce, the motto "Just Enough Light" used by the manufacturer describes this light perfectly. The NavLight is adjustable from 0 to 5 lumens and is backed with a hook-and-loop fastener, as well as a magnet. Available in blue, white, red, green, and even infrared for those with night vision devices, the NavLight gives you just enough light to do what you need to do. The red and IR versions give you an outstanding 120 hours of runtime.
    Features - Five light colors available, including blue, white, red, green, and infrared
    Dims and brightens between 0 and 5 lumens
    Constant on and multiple blinking beacon modes
    Hook-and-loop back will interface with Velcro-style loop surfaces
    Magnet-backed


    Very small and weighing less than ½ ounce, the motto "Just Enough Light" used by the manufacturer describes this light perfectly. The NavLight is adjustable from 0 to 5 lumens and is backed with a hook-and-loop fastener, as well as a magnet.

  • Streamlight Sidewinder Compact II

    Make & Model - Streamlight Sidewinder Compact II
    Weight - 2.4 oz
    Battery Type - CR123A (1) or AA (1)
    Lumen Rating - 55 (CR123A) / 47 (AA)
    Average Runtime - low 70 hr / high 6 hr (CR123A); low 40 hr / high 2 hr (AA)
    Range - 226 ft
    MSRP - $131.84
    URL - http://www.streamlight.com
    Notes - Chunky and ultra rugged, you can tell that the Sidewinder Compact II was made with the military in mind. It comes with a headband, as well as a helmet mount and belt clip, and features not only a white main lamp, but also red, blue, and infrared (IR) reading navigation lights. This unit runs best on a CR123A-type battery, which isn't as common as other batteries, but something we really like is that it can also run on a common AA battery. When mounted to the headband, the unit clips in and isn't mounted solidly, which makes it slightly shift laterally within its mount. Surprisingly, however, the shifting isn't very noticeable when the light is being worn. The light can be switched from white to red to blue to IR with the twist of a knob, while the activation of the light is made with a pushbutton switch.
    Features - Five light sources, including one main white C4 LED lamp and red, white, blue, and infrared LED task lights
    Headstrap, helmet, and belt clip mounting
    Lamp head swivels 185 degrees
    On/Off/Dimming/Strobe and LED selection functions


    Chunky and ultra rugged, you can tell that the Sidewinder Compact II was made with the military in mind. It comes with a headband, as well as a helmet mount and belt clip.

  • SureFire 2211

    Make & Model - SureFire 2211
    Weight - 3.7 oz
    Battery Type - Li-ion (Rechargable)
    Lumen Rating - low 15 / high 200
    Average Runtime - low 13 hr / high 1.25 hr
    Range - not listed
    MSRP - $495
    URL - http://www.surefire.com
    Notes - At 500 bones, this wrist-worn light is clearly not for everyone. Developed for law enforcement, the 2211 is made for officers that need to deal with people and equipment that demand both hands to be free and to move. The maximum 200-lumen light is absolutely blinding and great for highlighting large, dark areas. Since the light sits on top of the wrist like a watch does, it cannot light up areas that your hands may be working in, however. We did find flipping it around and wearing it on the inside your wrist works pretty well. We like the rechargeable battery since it will save you money on batteries, but in a power outage, you'll be hard-pressed to find a working outlet to charge it with. Aside from the cost and those shortcomings, the 2211 is a solid piece of kit.
    Features - Ambidextrous pushbutton switches
    USB rechargeable lithium-ion battery
    Aluminum housing and nylon wristband


    Developed for law enforcement, the 2211 is made for officers that need to deal with people and equipment that demand both hands to be free and to move. The maximum 200-lumen light is absolutely blinding and great for highlighting large, dark areas.

  • SureFire HL1-C-TN Helmet Light (older version pictured, multiple models available)

    Make & Model - SureFire HL1-C-TN Helmet Light (older version pictured, multiple models available)
    Weight - 3.1 oz
    Battery Type - CR123A (1)
    Lumen Rating - 19.2
    Average Runtime - white low 48 hr / white high 6 hr; color low 96 hr; color high 20 hr
    Range - not listed
    MSRP - $190
    URL - http://www.surefire.com
    Notes - The HL-1 comes in four different models, the colored LED lights being the only difference between them. The unit is currently in use with military units worldwide, so you know that it can withstand the abuses of a disaster scenario. The light isn't made to light up a large area; rather, it is made for the immediate workspace in front of you. There are two toggle switches that allow you to set the lights to your preferred settings and a single pushbutton switch to activate the lights. The HL-1 comes with a helmet mount, but we find it most useful when incorporated with the TangoDown Ball Cap Mount.
    Features - Three light sources, three main white LEDs, two colored secondary LEDs, and one blinking infrared LED that serves as a personal Identify Friend or Foe (IFF) beacon
    Colored LEDs available in red (shown), blue, yellow-green, and infrared
    Two toggle and one pressure switch for customizable light output
    Quick-detach helmet mount included


    The HL-1 comes in four different models, the colored LED lights being the only difference between them. The unit is currently in use with military units worldwide, so you know that it can withstand the abuses of a disaster scenario.

  • SureFire Minimus (shown, multiple models available)

    Make & Model - SureFire Minimus (shown, multiple models available)
    Weight - 3.3 oz
    Battery Type - CR123A (1)
    Lumen Rating - 1 to 100, variable
    Average Runtime - low 50 hr / high 1.5 hr
    Range - 137 ft
    MSRP - $149
    URL - http://www.surefire.com
    Notes - The Minimus features a Mil-spec hard-anodized aluminum body, which feels solid and ready for extreme duty. The light features a proprietary refractive optic that produces a smooth, wide beam optimized for your field of vision. At its brightest setting, it is more than capable of lighting up a large swath of area. To adjust lighting direction, the light can be vertically adjusted by the simple twist of the tubular body. Turning the light on, however, is a two-handed affair because turning the knob to power the light on inadvertently turns the entire body of the light, as well. You must hold the body in place, while turning the knob to keep the light's body from shifting position.
    Features - Variable light-output dial controls light levels from 1 to 100 lumens
    Light housing rotates horizontally 360 degrees
    Comes with snap-on red filter to preserve night vision
    Built-in SOS beacon


    The Minimus features a Mil-spec hard-anodized aluminum body, which feels solid and ready for extreme duty. The light features a proprietary refractive optic that produces a smooth, wide beam optimized for your field of vision.

  • TangoDown Ball Cap Mount for SureFire Helmet Light SFHL-001

    Make & Model - TangoDown Ball Cap Mount for SureFire Helmet Light SFHL-001
    Colorway - Flat Dark Earth (shown), Black, Foliage Green
    MSRP - $15.86
    URL - http://www.tangodown.com
    Notes - The TangoDown Ball Cap Mount is made specifically to interface with the SureFire HL-1 series of lights. The mount can be mounted to any thing you can get a screw through, so the uses are only limited to your imagination. We've seen them on backpack straps and even car sunvisors. Best of all, if your cap is done, just move the mount to a new cap and keep on keeping on.
    Features - Attachable to any surface you can drive screws through, in this case, baseball cap visors
    Compatible with all SureFire Helmet Lights models HL1-A through D-TN


    The TangoDown Ball Cap Mount is made specifically to interface with the SureFire HL-1 series of lights. The mount can be mounted to any thing you can get a screw through, so the uses are only limited to your imagination.

Knots to Know: Quick-Release Hammock Knot

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The more we think about it, the more we've realized hammocks are an excellent resource for survivalists. Hammocks are generally less expensive, lighter, faster to set up and tear down, and more concealable than tents. However, you'll need the right knowledge to set up a hammock correctly. Unlike tents, that generally means tying knots.

Luckily for us, the knots you need for a hammock aren't that complicated, and you don't need a Boy Scouts knot-tying merit badge to figure them out. In fact, Hobo Hammocks claims that there's only one knot you'll ever need to rig a hammock. They call it “the hammock knot”, but it's basically a modified quick-release clove hitch.

Hammock knot quick release 1

Simple enough, right? As the infographic above states, all you need to do to tear down the hammock in the morning is pull the “tail”, and the knot instantly unties. Here's a video that shows it in action:

In the video, they use the flat nylon strap supplied with most hammocks, but we tested it out with 550 paracord, and found that the technique works equally well.

Hammock

Hobo Hammocks claims this “hammock knot” is the only one you need, but there's one case when that's not true. If you're using regular rope or paracord instead of a pre-sewn nylon tree strap (like the ones included with many hammocks), you'll need to know a fixed loop knot to secure your hammock line to a tree. We strongly suggest learning the bowline knot, since it's easy to remember and extremely secure.

On a side note, we recently received a new Serac hammock to review for OFFGRIDweb. So, if you're into hammock camping, keep an eye out for the results of our review in the future.

You’re Ready, But What About Your Dog?

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This article was originally published in Issue 2 of our magazine.

In a recent survey conducted by American Pet Products Association, studies have revealed that roughly 83 million dogs are owned in the United States. With numbers like that, it's no surprise that pets have become an increasingly important extension of our families — and for some, their only family. The smiles they bring and the personalities they share have made them an integral and intimate part of the new family household and further studies reveal just how important they have become.

Further investigation by Kelton Research also reveals that there are blurred lines when it comes to dogs and children. Although humorous (and disconcerting at the same time) the studies show that many consider their dogs as equally important as their children. Needless to say, we can all understand the love of a pet, but even more powerful is the passing of one. While pets are often at the forefront of our minds during our daily routines, in many cases, they are an afterthought when it comes to emergency preparation.

Having a contingency plan that includes your pets is crucial to any pet owner, and it would be most beneficial to include them in any plan ahead of time. That said, be prepared to handle any canine emergencies by studying this buyer's guide which was designed with your pets in mind.

From basic necessities like food and water, understanding the pedigree of your dog is crucial to determining the “hardiness zone” of your geographic area in order to truly understand what you'll need. Take for instance, dogs with thicker coats (think Pomeranians and Chow Chows); even in the coldest of winters in a location such as Southern California, they do NOT need jackets. Whereas you may be cold, the thicker fur coats on dogs within these breeds acts like insulation to keep them warm. As a matter of fact, you can actually “overheat” the dog and potentially cause death or seizures, so again, understanding the conditions you might be facing because of different pedigrees will require different attention.

Another thing to keep in mind is that these products will help increase the chances of your pets surviving and sustaining, but you will also need to plan strategically if you need to leave your home in a crisis. In the event of major catastrophes, many will be forced to flee in search of shelter, but you have to keep in mind (and understand) that some shelters may not allow your pets inside. So plan in advance, stock up on the supplies you feel necessary for your pets, and have a game plan. You don't want to have to plan that during the crisis itself, or even worse, after the crisis, when there will simply be no time or resources to be able to help your four-legged friend survive.

In addition to some of the topics we have discussed, as well as the many online resources you can peruse, you should also consider talking to your local veterinarian about pet needs in the event of an emergency. They can offer crucial advice on what supplies you should stock up on, as well as what unconventional methods you might be wise to use in treating a sick pet. The wealth of knowledge veterinarians have can truly be your best benefit when it comes to ascertaining the exact needs you'll need to meet for your pet in the event of an emergency. In fact, you'd be surprised to find out what you can find in you cupboards to help treat a dog and in the end, the most powerful resource is knowledge, so by all means ask questions and do your research.

U.S. Dog Ownership Estimates

83.3 M- Number of owned dogs
47%- Percentage of households that own at least one dog
70%- Percentage of owners with one dog
20%- Percentage of owners with two dogs
10%- Percentage of owners with three or more dogs
1.47- Average number of owned dogs per household
20%- Percentage of owned dogs who were adopted from animal shelters
$231- Average annual amount spent by dog owners on routine veterinary visits
83%- Percentage of owned dogs who are spayed or neutered
Even- Proportion of male to female owned dogs

Source: 2013-2014 statistics, contact the American Pet Products Association Pet Owners Survey

Dog Survival Gear

There is plenty of gear on the market that can help you prepare and protect your dog from tough elements and unexpected events. Don't let your canine buddy get left out of your preparation plans. A few standouts of some dog-specific kit are presented in this guide.

You've Got Your Plans & Survival Essentials. What About Your Best Friend?

  • 21st Century Pet Health Anti Diarrhea Liquid with Kaolin & Pectin

    Make & Model - 21st Century Pet Health Anti Diarrhea Liquid with Kaolin & Pectin
    MSRP - $13.99
    URL - http://www.21stcenturypet.com
    Notes - This item is self-explanatory. Pack one in your dog's kit and you'll be thankful that you have it.

    The 21st Century Pet Health Anti Diarrhea Liquid with Kaolin & Pectin is self-explanatory. Pack one in your dog's kit and you'll be thankful that you have it.

  • 21st Century Pet Health Flexible Bandage

    Make & Model - 21st Century Pet Health Flexible Bandage – Bandage Self-Adhering
    SIZE - 2-inch, 4-inch (Pictured)
    COLORWAY - 2-inch Blue, Pink, Purple
    MSRP - $0.97 to $1.97
    URL - http://www.21stcenturypet.com
    Notes - Like their human counterparts, pets may require bandages to help treatment from cuts or even sprained or broken limbs. This self-adhering bandage is specifically made for pets.

    Like their human counterparts, pets may require bandages to help treatment from cuts or even sprained or broken limbs. So the 21st Century Pet Health Flexible Bandage is a self-adhering bandage is specifically made for pets.

  • 21st Century Pet Health Paw Pad Protector

    Make & Model - 21st Century Pet Health Paw Pad Protector
    SIZE - N/A
    COLORWAY - N/A
    MSRP - $7.99
    URL - http://www.21stcenturypet.com
    Notes - For dogs that don't like the feeling of boots on their feet, there is this alternative. It is a wax that can be applied to your dog's paw pads that creates a protective barrier between the skin and the ground.

    For dogs that don't like the feeling of boots on their feet, the Health Paw Pad Protector is a wax that can be applied to your dog's paw pads that creates a protective barrier between the skin and the ground.

  • ActiveDogs.com Paw Mitts

    Make & Model - ActiveDogs.com Paw Mitts
    SIZE - XS, Small (Pictured), Medium, Large, XL
    COLORWAY - Navy Blue, Black, Camo, Green, Orange, Purple, Red, Royal Blue, Wine, Yellow (Pictured)
    MSRP - $32.99
    URL - http://www.activedogs.com
    Notes - Protect your dog's paws from broken glass and other dangerous debris. Paw Mitts have a water-resistant, 1000 denier nylon and urethane coated fabric outer layer. Its inner layer is a soft fleece and outside footpad is non-slip suede leather.

    Protect your dog's paws from broken glass and other dangerous debris with the ActiveDogs Paw Mitts that have a water-resistant, 1000 denier nylon and urethane coated fabric outer layer.

  • Century Pet Health Oral Syringe

    Make & Model - 21st Century Pet Health Oral Syringe
    SIZE - 15cc (Pictured), 30cc
    MSRP - $3.99
    URL - http://www.21stcenturypet.com
    Notes - Any easy way to administer medicine for pets, this oral syringe is reusable and can hold up to 15cc's of liquid. In a disaster kit, it can be used for other pet and human purposes such as flushing out eyes with water.

    Any easy way to administer medicine for pets, this oral syringe is reusable and can hold up to 15cc's of liquid. In a disaster kit, it can be used for other pet and human purposes such as flushing out eyes with water.

  • CQB K-9 Patrol/Tactical Harness

    Make & Model - CQB K-9 Patrol/Tactical Harness
    SIZE - Large, up to 30-inch girth
    COLORWAY - Tan
    MSRP - $60
    URL - http://www.cqbk9.com
    Notes - The Patrol/Tactical Harness is a lightweight option over heavier dog packs. It features adjustable sizing straps, hook and loop surfaces along with a durable nylon leash attachment and zippered carry pouches.

    The Patrol/Tactical Harness is a lightweight option over heavier dog packs, and it even features adjustable sizing straps, hook and loop surfaces along with a durable nylon leash attachment and zippered carry pouches.

  • Creative Pet Products Bow Ow First Aid Kit

    Make & Model - Creative Pet Products Bow Ow First Aid Kit
    MSRP - $39
    URL - http://www.petfirstaidkits.com
    Notes - First-aid kit for your pets. This handy kit comes with a few essentials in a carry case, but will still probably need to be supplemented with other tools and medicines to suit your dog.

    Creative Pet Products Bow Ow is a first-aid kit for your pets. This handy kit comes with a few essentials in a carry case, but will still probably need to be supplemented with other tools and medicines to suit your dog.

  • Creative Pet Products Practical Pet First Aid For Dogs & Cats

    Make & Model - Creative Pet Products Practical Pet First Aid For Dogs & Cats
    MSRP - $14
    URL - http://www.petfirstaidkits.com
    Notes - Because we can't all be veterinarians, having this guide with you can you help treat everything from fevers, bug bites, cuts, broken bones, and more.

    Because we can't all be veterinarians, having the Creative Pet Products Practical Pet First Aid For Dogs & Cats guide with you can you help treat everything from fevers, bug bites, cuts, broken bones, and more.

  • GNC Dog Aspirin

    Make & Model - GNC Dog Aspirin
    DOSES - All Small Dogs 120 mg (Pictured), All Large Dogs 300 mg
    MSRP - $7.99 to $13.99
    URL - http://www.gnc.com
    Notes - This is beef-flavored aspirin, what's not to love? Your buddy will not have a problem taking this tablet. The chewable tablets help with pain relief and inflammation.

    This is beef-flavored aspirin, what's not to love? Your buddy will not have a problem taking this tablet. The chewable tablets help with pain relief and inflammation.

  • Mayday Industries The 38 Piece “DogGoneIt PEMA” Kit For Dogs

    Make & Model - Mayday Industries The 38 Piece "DogGoneIt PEMA" Kit For Dogs
    MSRP - $87
    URL - http://www.maydayindustries.com
    Notes - This "all-in-one" type kit covers many items of what you'll need to manage your dog. Everything from food, water, water bowl, first-aid kit, a leash, and more are included. We suggest supplementing this kit with more items to build a customized kit for your dog.

    This "all-in-one" type kit covers many items of what you'll need to manage your dog. Everything from food, water, water bowl, first-aid kit, a leash, and more are included.

  • Remedy+Recovery Liquid Bandage

    Make & Model - Remedy+Recovery Liquid Bandage
    MSRP - $7.99
    URL - http://www.cardinalpet.com
    Notes - This is a handy liquid bandage that dries quickly and keeps your pet's wound clean and dry so that it can heal quickly without complications from possible infection when applied correctly.

    The Remedy+Recovery Liquid Bandage is a handy liquid bandage that dries quickly and keeps your pet's wound clean and dry so that it can heal quickly without complications from possible infection when applied correctly.

  • Remedy+Recovery Medicated Antiseptic

    Make & Model - Remedy+Recovery Medicated Antiseptic
    MSRP - $7.99
    URL - http://www.cardinalpet.com
    Notes - Much like antiseptic sprays you might have in your own first-aid kit, this spray kills germs, eases bug bites and scratches, and is formulated for your dog's skin and fur coats.

    Much like antiseptic sprays you might have in your own first-aid kit, the Remedy+Recovery Medicated Antiseptic kills germs, eases bug bites and scratches, and is formulated for your dog's skin and fur coats.

  • Remedy+Recovery Styptic Powder

    Make & Model - Remedy+Recovery Styptic Powder
    MSRP - $10.99
    URL - http://www.cardinalpet.com
    Notes - A blood-clotting agent for your dog, this powder can come in handy to stop the flow of small cuts and scrapes.

    The Remedy+Recovery Styptic Powder is a blood-clotting agent for your dog, this powder can come in handy to stop the flow of small cuts and scrapes.

  • Survival Straps Wide Dog Collar

    Make & Model - Survival Straps Wide Dog Collar
    SIZE - 16 to 26 inches
    COLORS - INSIDE: Various, Black (Pictured) Edge: Various, Blue, Royal (Pictured) DOG TAG OPTIONS: Center (Pictured), Left
    MSRP - $45.95
    URL - http://www.survivalstraps.com
    Notes - The Survival Straps Wide Dog Collar is made of 550 military-spec paracord and stainless-steel shackles. It's the ultimate survivalist dog collar.

    The Survival Straps Wide Dog Collar is made of 550 military-spec paracord and stainless-steel shackles. It's the ultimate survivalist dog collar.

  • ThunderWorks ThunderShirt

    Make & Model - ThunderWorks ThunderShirt
    SIZE - XXS, XS (Pictured), S, M, L, XL, XXL
    COLORS - Blue Polo, Green Polo, Heather Grey (Pictured), Holiday Red Limited Edition, Pink Polo
    MSRP - $39.95 to $44.95
    URL - http://www.thundershirt.com
    Notes - Used to ease anxiety, the ThunderShirt provides your dog with a sense of security that could be important during stressful times.

    Used to ease anxiety, the ThunderShirt provides your dog with a sense of security that could be important during stressful times.

  • Top Paw Backpack

    Make & Model - Top Paw Backpack
    SIZE - Medium, Large, XL (Pictured)
    COLORWAY - N/A
    MSRP - $34.99 to $44.99
    URL - http://www.petsmart.com
    Notes - Have your dog pull his or her own weight by putting survival supplies on their backs. This sturdy backpack is adjustable for a correct fit.

    Have your dog pull his or her own weight by putting survival supplies on their backs in the Top Paw Backpack.

  • Top Paw Dog Boots

    Make & Model - Top Paw Dog Boots
    SIZE - XS, Small, Medium, Large, XL (Pictured)
    COLORWAY - Pink, Blue (Pictured)
    MSRP - $14.99
    URL - http://www.petsmart.com
    Notes - These rubber soled Dog Boots are water resistant and non-slip. We wouldn't run around a disaster zone barefoot, why should your dog?

    The Top Paw Dog Boots are rubber soled and are water resistant and non-slip. We wouldn't run around a disaster zone barefoot, why should your dog?

  • Top Paw K9 Goggles

    Make & Model - Top Paw K9 Goggles
    SIZE - XS, Small, Medium, Large (Pictured)
    COLORWAY - N/A
    MSRP - $24.99
    URL - http://www.petsmart.com
    Notes - Sheild your dog's eyes from burning embers, heavy dust, and other air contaminants. Featuring 100-percent UV block lenses, these goggles for your dog are shatterproof, anti-fog, and come in multiple adjustable sizes.

    Sheild your dog's eyes from burning embers, heavy dust, and other air contaminants with the Top Paw K9 Goggles that feature 100-percent UV block lenses.

How to Make a Single-Log “Rocket Stove”

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We're always intrigued by the creative campfire techniques people come up with, especially those that create efficient flames and minimize wasted fuel. There are actually several methods for creating a fire from a single log—we already discussed the Swedish torch in a previous post. Today, we're sharing a similar technique, known as a rocket stove.

Rocket stove log 02

A log that's about 6 inches wide and 1 foot long will work well for this stove.

No, we're not suggesting you try to cook with a model rocket engine. A so-called rocket stove uses a small-diameter combustion chamber with an insulated vertical chimney. This creates a narrow jet of flame, much like the one found at the business end of a rocket, hence the name.

When creating a rocket stove from a log, this means drilling into the center of the wood, both from the top and from one side. The L-shaped ventilation design feeds the fire with oxygen, and the log itself acts as fuel. This video from IntenseAngler shows how it's done:

Of course, if you don't have power tools, you may want to choose the Swedish torch. That design only requires an ax or knife to split the log into quarters. Nevertheless, this rocket stove design seems promising, and could be fun to try in your backyard or while car camping.

We especially like the point about throwing the rocket stove onto your campfire when you're finished with it. Waste not, want not.

Infographic: A Survivalist’s Guide to Wild Edible Plants

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Warning! This article is meant to be an overview and not a detailed guide on identifying and consuming edible plants. Seek guidance from a trained botanist before attempting to eat any plants. Any attempt to consume plants shall solely be at the reader’s risk.

Hunting is an important survival skill, whether that is for live animals or wild edible plants. You could kill deer or wild boar with a rifle or bow, snag small game in snares, take down birds with a slingshot, or spear fish in streams. However, it's equally important to incorporate edible plants, fruits, and vegetables into your survival diet—especially because you may not always be able to hunt successfully when your life depends on it.

Foraging for Wild Edible Plants

Few things are as rewarding as being able to identify a wild edible plant and harvesting it for consumption, but this skill is not without a level of risk. There are plants out there which look very similar to the edible versions, but can be fatally toxic. So, how can you start foraging for wild edible plants? Obviously, you don't want to ingest anything poisonous, so you'll need to know what to look for first. The infographic below from Ava's Flowers provides some great information and illustrations to get you started.

Infographic explaining the wild edible, hickory nuts.

Infographic explaining the wild edible, amaranth. Infographic explaining the wild edible, asparagus.

Infographic explaining the wild edible, persimmon. Infographic explaining the wild edible, Jerusalem artichoke. Infographic explaining the wild edible, burdock.

Infographic on the wild edible, elderberry.

Infographic explaining the wild edible, cattail.

Infographic explaining the dandelion.

Infographic describing the wild edible, clover.

Infographic describing the chicory plant.

Infographic describing the wild edible, fireweed.

Infographic describing foraging etiquette and tips to avoid poisonous plants.

Infographic explaining how to identify leaf features.
If you're interested in reading more on the subject, check out the other infographic we featured from Ava's Flowers, called “The Devil's Greenhouse“. It goes into more detail on toxic plants that you should avoid at all costs.

Related Posts

Short-Range Comms

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This article was originally published in Issue 2 of our magazine.

It is conceivable that after the onset of a large-scale disaster, our current-day communications equipment of choice, smart phones, which depend on a complex infrastructure to operate, would quickly become little more than paperweights in our pockets. With traditional means of communications out of action, what would be other go-to options we could lean on?

When the subject of communications in disaster scenarios comes up, immediate thoughts go to high-powered radio systems, including CB and Ham radio. While those systems are excellent tools that can put you in touch with those who are many miles away, they do require training, specialized equipment, and power sources that might be hard to come by in order to operate. For their ease of use, relatively low power usage, and low cost, FRS and GMRS two-way radios, or walkie-talkies, should not be overlooked.

Radio communications are important in disaster situations and can be used to help coordinate information between individuals or groups such as family members. Not all radios need to be of the long-range variety. Short-range radios, such as those that operate on FRS and GMRS bands, work well in areas covering a couple of miles. Your health status, position, and security situation can easily be relayed between basecamp and someone who is out foraging for supplies. Likewise, coordinating the search for fellow survivors in the collapsed rubble of a metropolitan wasteland is difficult at best without wireless communications. A rescuer could likely become a victim without the ability to coordinate assistance when trying to pull out another victim. Coordinating your neighborhood after a disaster and checking up on neighbors is a process that can be sped up with the use of short-range radios. Radios are a critical communication tool that can greatly improve the efficiency of almost any operation.

FRS and GMRS

Handheld two-way radios are the most cost-effective method of talking at ranges where yelling becomes impractical. Walkie-talkies operate on FRS and GMRS bands. FRS stands for Family Radio Service and encompasses low-power transmissions at as much as 0.5 watt. FRS bands are free of charge to operate on and require no license. GMRS is short for General Mobile Radio Service and does require licensing with the FCC. The license requires an $85 fee for a five-year term, even though a license is not required to buy a GMRS radio. GMRS radios require more power over FRS units, and in the radio world, more power means longer range. GMRS radios commonly have 1- to 2-watt transmissions, but can get as much as 50 watts, which gives it some pretty decent reach. Most radios on the market today are hybrid GMRS/FRS radios, possessing the capability of using both bands.

Features

Radios available on the consumer market greatly range in both price and quality. As with most things in this world, the cost reflects increases in durability, reliability, clarity, and range. Most units feature distance ratings that are very optimistic. We find that in real-world scenarios that structures, obstructions, elevations, weather patterns, and electrical signals, among other things, cut those distances down significantly. As a rule of thumb, cut those ratings in half, if not more. Test your chosen radio for use in your intended area of use to make sure that unit works for you.

Many walkie-talkies include rechargeable batteries that can be replaced with disposable batteries. Radios that have mini-USB-charging capability can be charged with a solar charger, as well, so keep that in mind, too. Water- and dust-resistance is rated by Ingress Protection (IP) rating. IP ratings have two digits; the first digit measures Intrusion Protection and the second is for Moisture Protection. See the chart for detailed rating information.

Channels

FRS radios have seven channels that are shared with GMRS radios and an additional seven channels that are for FRS use only, giving it 14 total channels. Higher-powered GMRS radios have 22 channels, including the shared FRS channels, which give GMRS users more flexibility to find a clear line to talk on.

Privacy Codes

Aside from the main channels, radios also have privacy codes. Privacy codes subdivide channels into more channels so that the user can find a clear channel to use when others are taken. In a busy radio environment, you and your party might get traffic on Channel 1/Code 0, but when you switch to Channel 1/Code 5, you find it clear to use. Most radios have 22 privacy codes and some have more, helping make plenty of channel/code combinations to choose from. Be aware, however, that privacy codes don't work the way you probably think they do. They don't encode your transmission; instead, they encode your receiver to only pick up transmissions on the same privacy code. For example, if you are on Channel 3/Code 4, you could only hear transmissions on the same code, but if someone else were on Channel 3/Code 0 (0 being no privacy code), they would be able to hear all transmissions on Channel 3, regardless of code, including yours.

Transmission Range

Now that we've broken all that down, what does all that mumbo jumbo mean in the real world? Well, for starters, even in ideal conditions, if you're operating a radio in FRS mode, meaning 0.5-watt transmission power, your range will be limited to (generously speaking) 6 miles. In any sort of urban area with obstructed lines of sight or in a dense forest, that range is going to drop to 2 miles or less even on GMRS. Your range will be affected by myriad factors, including terrain (hills and trees), weather, electromagnetic noise (solar flares, power lines, and so on), and steel and concrete structures.

Up to 6 Miles
(Urban)
Up to 8 Miles
(Lake)
Up to 18 Miles
(Mountain to Valley)

Remember, line of sight is the name of the game. If you want to transmit long distances, you will need to be able to see your other party. If you can't see them, chances are, your range is going to drop significantly. Our tested effective range on the Motorola MT350R in a suburban residential area on GMRS from inside a moving vehicle was at about 2 miles. Your mileage may vary, so this is not gospel, but be aware that range is limited. Most of the time, none of this will matter because you will be speaking to someone only a few buildings over, at most, a few blocks away, and range limitations should not be a major issue. Frequent radio check-ins will prevent this range limitation from sneaking up on you and will mitigate communications losses and blackouts from terrain and structures.

No matter which unit you choose, keep in mind its limitations, and be sure to test out how it'll work out in your environment before committing it to your disaster preparedness plan. Remember that short-range communications you get from handheld FRS and GRMS radios can be as important as the long-range comms you get from Ham or CB radio. Stay safe out there, and stay prepared. You never know when the next disaster will strike.

Ingress Protection Rating

First Digit (Intrusion Protection)

0 >> No special protection

1 >> Protected against solid objects from 50 mm or more
2 >> Protected against solid objects from 12.5 mm or more
3 >> Protected against solid objects from 2.5 mm or more
4 >> Protected against solid objects from 1 mm or more
5 >> Protected against dust that may harm equipment
6 >> Totally dust tight

Second Digit (Moisture Protection)

0 >> No protection
1 >> Protection against condensation
2 >> Protection against water droplets deflected as much as 15 degrees from vertical
3 >> Protected against spray as much as 60 degrees from vertical
4 >> Protected against splashes of water from all directions
5 >> Protection against low-pressure water jets from all directions
6 >> Protection against powerful water jets from all directions
7 >> Protected against temporary immersion
8 >> Protected against prolonged immersion

Understanding FRS and GMRS Two-Way Radios

  • Cobra CXT235

    Make & Model - Cobra CXT235
    Band Type - GMRS/FRS
    Channels - 22
    Privacy Codes - 121
    Claimed Range - 20 mi
    Weight - 3.7 oz (with battery)
    Battery Type - rechargeable (included), 4 AAA (not included)
    MSRP - $59.99
    URL - http://www.cobra.com
    Notes - Featuring a compact size and uncluttered buttons, the CXT235 is a full-featured walkie-talkie with 22 channels and 121 privacy codes in a robust package. It doesn't have the bells and whistles as higher-priced models, but it gets the job done just as well. In urban settings, the best we could squeeze out of it was a bit less than 2 miles of range. Comes with 2 radios per package.
    Features - VOX capability for hands-free usage
    NOAA weather emergency radio and alert
    Scan to see what channels are in use
    Low-battery alert
    Keypad lock
    Belt clips (2)
    Wall charger with Y plug


    Featuring a compact size and uncluttered buttons, the CXT235 is a full-featured walkie-talkie with 22 channels and 121 privacy codes in a robust package.

  • Midland GXT1000VP4

    Make & Model - Midland GXT1000VP4
    Band Type - GMRS/FRS
    Channels - 50
    Privacy Codes - 285
    Claimed Range - 36 mi
    Weight - 7.4 oz (with battery)
    Battery Type - rechargeable (included), 4 AA (not included)
    MSRP - $89.99
    URL - http://www.midlandusa.com
    Notes - While it has good overall quality, its controls are complex and are not laid out ergonomically. The use of additional channels seemed to cause difficulties, as it was unable to cross-talk to Motorola units operating on the same channel. We experienced a useful range of about 2 miles in urban environments, though transmission quality could be spotty at times. Comes with 2 radios per package.
    Features - 285 privacy codes, 6,270 channel options
    Audible SOS siren
    Silent vibrate alert mode
    NOAA weather alert radio
    Belt clips (2)
    Desktop charger
    AC and DC adapters
    Boom mic headsets (2)


    The Midland GX1000VP4 has good overall quality but can be hard to use with the number of complex controls. Still it has a useful range of 2 miles in urban environments.

  • Motorola Talkabout MD200R

    Make & Model - Motorola Talkabout MD200R
    Band Type - GMRS/FRS
    Channels - 22
    Privacy Codes - 0
    Claimed Range - 20 mi
    Weight - 5.2 oz (with battery)
    Battery Type - rechargeable (included), 3 AA (not included)
    MSRP - $49.99
    URL - http://www.motorolasolutions.com
    Notes - The construction of the capable MD200R feels solid for an inexpensive unit. The recessed power button is good for preventing accidental activation, and the lanyard loop is convenient. Its range for us was just more than a mile in urban environments. Comes with 2 radios per package.
    Features - Hands-free speaker iVOX mode
    Built-in flashlight
    NOAA weather alert radio
    Belt clips (2)
    Y cable wall adapter with two mini-USB connectors


    The construction of the capable MD200R feels solid for an inexpensive unit, and the recessed power button is good for preventing accidental activation!

  • Motorola Talkabout MG160A

    Make & Model - Motorola Talkabout MG160A
    Band Type - GMRS/FRS
    Channels - 22
    Privacy Codes - 0
    Claimed Range - 16 mi
    Weight - 3.7 oz (with battery)
    Battery Type - 3 AAA (not included)
    MSRP - $29.99
    URL - http://www.motorolasolutions.com
    Notes - Positives of the MG160A are the ease of use and low price. You can buy a number of these to leave in bug-out bags and designated places. It is easy enough for everyone in your household to use, including children. That being said, it has very limited capabilities, as we tested its range to go out only about half a mile in dense urban terrain. Comes with 2 radios per package.
    Features - Scan to see what channels are in use
    Low-battery alert
    Keypad lock
    Belt clips (2)


    Great because of it's ease of use and low price, the MG160A is cheap enough to buy a number of and leave in bug-out bags, and is easy enough for everyone in your household to use, including children.

  • Motorola Talkabout MT350R

    Make & Model - Motorola Talkabout MT350R
    Band Type - GMRS/FRS
    Channels - 22
    Privacy Codes - 121
    Claimed Range - 35 mi
    Weight - 7.4 oz (with battery)
    Battery Type - rechargeable (included), 3 AA (not included)
    MSRP - $89.99
    URL - http://www.motorolasolutions.com
    Notes - We found the MT350R easy to read and use, and we noticed an excellent overall build quality. The built-in LED flashlight proved unexpectedly useful. Its tested range was 2 miles in boosted-power mode in the city. Transmission from the top of a local dam proved strong enough to communicate to an unobstructed area more than 3 miles away. Comes with 2 radios per package.
    Features - 285 privacy codes, 6,270 channel options
    Hands-free speaker iVOX mode
    Silent vibrating ringer
    Built-in flashlight
    IP-54 rated
    NOAA weather alert radio
    Belt clips (2)
    Y cable wall adapter with two mini-USB connectors


    The MT350R is easy to read and use, and we noticed an excellent overall build quality. Not to mention, the built-in LED flashlight proved unexpectedly useful.

G-10 Handles Do More Than Just Provide Some Traction

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This article was originally published in Issue 2 of our magazine.

G-10 isn't the latest business jet that all the iced-out rappers are flying in these days. It's a durable material that's popular as handle scales for knives. Its use on folders and fixed blades has become more prevalent in recent years — particularly among cops, troops, bushcrafters, and outdoor adventurers who are looking for something that can take a serious beating in the most serious conditions.

Some people assume that the blade is the most (and only) important part of a knife, but the handle is just as important. Without a sturdy grip, you wouldn't be able to keep the tool in your hand, let alone use it for any vital tasks. So the handle is the yin to the blade's yang. Both are equally important; that's why more and more manufacturers are putting G-10 scales on their knives.

However, not every end user of a G-10 handle really knows what he wields in his hand. Is it plastic? Is it fiberglass? Why is it so expensive? Does it really perform when SHTF? In this case, the marketing is true: G-10 is among the best knife handle materials to be in your palm in an emergency situation.

Benefits

G-10 is actually a laminate. It's made of layers of fiberglass cloth that are soaked in an epoxy resin binder and then compressed under high pressure before being baked. What does that all mean? It means G-10 has all the strengths of other popular synthetic materials, but fewer weaknesses.

Strength:

It's incredibly strong, so unlike more traditional knife handle materials such as wood, G-10 won't crack, break, chip, or scratch easily. It also stabilizes the knife by providing outstanding lateral support, preventing flexing during hardcore use, such as, maybe, cutting through a fuselage.

Lightweight:

As the saying goes, ounces equal pounds, and pounds equal pain. G-10 provides tremendous benefits in an extremely light package, helping to keep the weight of a knife down. It reportedly has the same tensile strength as aluminum, but is 30 percent lighter. So a G-10 knife is ideal if you have to GTFO, but can carry only a limited load.

Grip:

Slippage is rarely an issue with a G-10 handle, because it can be textured to a variety of patterns and finishes that provide both a badass aesthetic and a sturdy grip. (It also comes in different colors, another reason for its popularity.)

Low Maintenance:

When you're off-grid, finding knife oils is probably pretty low on your priority list. Thankfully, G-10 is a low-maintenance kind of gal. She doesn't need any polishing products like a stag handle does, and when she does get dirty she cleans up quickly with dish soap, a toothbrush, and warm water.

Electrical Insulation:

G-10 was developed in the mid-20th century as a base for circuit boards because it doesn't conduct electricity. Today, it's used in a variety of applications, from electrical equipment and medical diagnostics to rocket cases and antennae insulators. Unless you plan on stabbing a Decepticon anytime soon, electrical insulation for a knife is probably an unnecessary attribute — but it is kinda cool to have.

Everything-Proof… Almost:

G-10 is resistant to chemicals and doesn't absorb water or even moisture, which means it won't rust, shrink, or expand. It also doesn't conduct heat or cold. So if you accidentally drop your knife in snow or lay it too close to a heat source, you can still handle it immediately without numbing or burning your hand.

Conclusion

There's no such thing as a perfect handle, and the same holds true for G-10. But, most of the complaints about G-10 stem more from the way a particular handle feels in hand or in your pocket (e.g. it's too thick, too thin, too smooth, too rough, etc.) as opposed to the properties of the material itself. Some non-believers say that G-10 will crack under a hard impact, but so will pretty much any other knife handle material that's not rubber or metallic. Besides, if you've just been hit with enough force to crack G-10, you have much bigger things to worry about than the condition of your handle.

It's a tough-as-nails material that gives the end user an assured grip during all manner of duties, from light-duty chores like cutting paracord to hardcore tasks like batoning wood logs. It requires almost zero care, can be used in any environment, and will last like nobody's business.

With this in mind, we present you with a guide to some of the more recent knives that feature G-10 handles. Though varying in size, shape, and texture, they all have one thing in common: superior quality and functionality. We're certain you'll find one that fits your needs.

G-10 Handles Do More Than Just Provide Some Traction

  • Benchmade Knife Co. 916 Triage

    Make & Model - Benchmade Knife Co. 916 Triage
    Length Open - 8 and 3⁄16 inches
    Length Closed - 4 and 13⁄16 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 3⁄16 inches
    Weight - 5.2 ounces
    Blade Material - N680 (main blade), 440C (safety cutter)
    Blade Edge - Combo (pictured), plain edge
    Colorway - BK1 coated blade/orange handle (pictured), metal blade/black handle, BK1 coated blade/black handle, metal blade/orange handle
    MSRP - $185
    URL - http://www.benchmade.com
    Features - AXIS locking mechanism
    Hook-shaped safety cutter
    Carbide glass breaker


    The Benchmade Knife Co. 916 Triage is a long 8 3/16 inches when extended and has a locking mechanism with a hooked-shaped safety clutter to keep you safe when it's closed.

  • Columbia River Knife & Tool Inc. Liong Mah Design #6

    Make & Model - Columbia River Knife & Tool Inc. Liong Mah Design #6
    Length Open - 6 and 1⁄2 inches
    Length Closed - 3 and 11⁄16 inches
    Blade Length - 2 and 13⁄16 inches
    Weight - 3.6 ounces
    Blade Material - 8Cr14Mo
    Blade Edge - Combo
    Colorway - Satin blade/black handle
    MSRP - $49.99
    URL - http://www.crkt.com
    Features - Liong Mah's deep, hollow ground blade style provides a stout cutting edge from tip to finger guard
    Slip joint locking mechanism
    Fob/tether


    Check out the Columbia River Knife & Tool Inc. Liong Mah Design #6 that has a deep hollow ground blade style that provides a stout cutting edge.

  • Emerson Knives Inc. CQC-7BW

    Make & Model - Emerson Knives Inc. CQC-7BW
    Length Open - 7 and 7⁄8 inches
    Length Closed - 4 and 5⁄8 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 3⁄16 inches
    Weight - 5 ounces
    Blade Material - 154CM
    Blade Edge - Serrated (pictured), plain
    Colorway - Black blade/black handle (pictured), stone-washed blade/black handle
    MSRP - $201.95
    URL - http://www.emersonknives.com
    Features - Razor sharp, chisel ground cutting edge
    Patented "wave-shaped opening feature"
    Tanto tip


    The Emerson Knives Inc. CQC-7BW is a pocket knife with the patented "wave-shaped opening feature" and has a razor sharp, chisel ground cutting edge.

  • Gerber Mini Swagger AO

    Make & Model - Gerber Mini Swagger AO
    Length Open - 6 and 5⁄16 inches
    Length Closed - 3 and 9⁄16 inches
    Blade Length - 2 and 3⁄4 inches
    Weight - 1.8 ounces
    Blade Material - 7Cr17MoV
    Blade Edge - Straight
    Colorway - Silver blade/black handle (pictured), black blade/black handle
    MSRP - $38
    URL - http://www.gerbergear.com
    Features - Smooth opening
    Partially serrated drop-point style
    Lighter than a handful of change


    The Gerber Mini Swagger AO is a smooth opening partially serrated knife with a drop-point style and is lighter than a handful of change.

  • Gerber Swagger

    Make & Model - Gerber Swagger
    Length Open - 7 and 7⁄16 inches
    Length Closed - 4 and 1⁄4 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 1⁄4 inches
    Weight - 3.6 ounces
    Blade Material - 7Cr17MoV
    Blade Edge - Drop-point, serrated
    Colorway - Black blade/black handle
    MSRP - $32
    URL - http://www.gerbergear.com
    Features - Frame lock
    Partially serrated drop-point blade
    Machine styling — matching handle and blade


    Check out the Gerber Swagger, a framelock pocket knife with machine styling and a partially serrated drop-point blade.

  • Kershaw Knives RJ I

    Make & Model - Kershaw Knives RJ I
    Length Open - 81⁄8 inches
    Length Closed - 4 and 5⁄8 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 1⁄2 inches
    Weight - 4.4 ounces
    Blade Material - 8CR13MOV, titanium carbo-nitride coating
    Blade Edge - Two-step serration
    Colorway - Metal blade/black handle
    MSRP - $49.95
    URL - http://www.kershaw.kaiusaltd.com
    Features - RJ Martin's blade design and grind gives piercing power of a tanto with just enough curve to the belly for slicing aptitude, as well
    Titanium carbo-nitride coating
    SpeedSafe-assisted opening system


    Check out the Kershaw Knives RJ I with a SpeedSafe-assisted opening system for the titanium carbo-nitrate coated blade.

  • SOG Specialty Knives & Tools Salute

    Make & Model - SOG Specialty Knives & Tools Salute
    Length Open - 8 and 3⁄8 inches
    Length Closed - 4 and 5⁄8 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 5⁄8 inches
    Weight - 4.7 ounces
    Blade Material - 8Cr13MoV
    Blade Edge - Straight
    Colorway - Hardcase black blade/black handle
    MSRP - $51.75
    URL - http://www.sogknives.com
    Features - Straight edge blade with Bowie blade shape
    One-handed blade deployment system with adjustable thumb stud
    Low-carry bayonet clip


    The SOG Specialty Knives & Tools Salute is a straight edge blade, but with a Bowie blade shape with a one-handled deployment system.

  • Spyderco Manix2

    Make & Model - Spyderco Manix2
    Length Open - 8 inches
    Length Closed - 4 and 5⁄8 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 6⁄16 inches
    Weight - 5.1 ounces
    Blade Material - CPM S30V
    Blade Edge - Combo (pictured), plain
    Colorway - Metal blade/black handle (pictured), metal blade/blue handle, black blade/black handle
    MSRP - $146.95
    URL - http://www.spyderco.com
    Features - Ball bearing lock
    Textured spine jimping
    Left-/right-hand carry


    The Spyderco Manix2 pocket knife, has a ball bearing lock, textured spine kimping, and a lef/rigbht hand carry!

  • Spyderco Tenacious

    Make & Model - Spyderco Tenacious
    Length Open - 7 and 3⁄4 inches
    Length Closed - 4 and 6⁄16 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 6⁄16 inches
    Weight - 4.1 ounces
    Blade Material - 8Cr13MoV
    Blade Edge - Combo (pictured), plain, Spyder
    Colorway - Metal blade/black handle
    MSRP - $64.95
    URL - http://www.spyderco.com
    Features - Michael Walker liner lock
    Leaf-shaped blade
    Left-/right-hand carry


    The Spyderco-tenacious-not only is a left/right hand carry knife, but it has a Michael Walker liner lock for the leaf-shaped blade.

  • Zero Tolerance Knives 0300ST

    Make & Model - Zero Tolerance Knives 0300ST
    Length Open - 8 and 5⁄8 inches
    Length Closed - 5 and 1⁄8 inches
    Blade Length - 3 and 5⁄8 inches
    Weight - 8.2 ounces
    Blade Material - S30V
    Blade Edge - Partially serrated
    Colorway - Tungsten DLC-coating blade/black handle
    MSRP - $340
    URL - http://www.zt.kaiusaltd.com
    Features - SpeedSafe-assisted opening and a multitask ready re-curve
    Quad mounting system
    Titanium frame lock


    Check out the Zero Tolerance Knives 0300ST, a knife with a SpeedSafe-assisted opening and multitask ready re-curve blade.

The Danger of Underwater Volcanoes

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The power of nature can be a great and terrible force, whether it's manifested through hurricanes, tornados, lightning strikes, earthquakes, or any other natural disaster. Volcanic eruptions are just one more to add to the list… but not for the reasons you might think.

Sure, volcanoes can spew choking ash, poisonous gas, and red-hot lava—most of us know about these dangers already. However, most of the general public isn't as familiar with the dangers posed by submarine or underwater volcanoes. Even if they're not erupting, they can produce pockets of bubbles under the surface that reduce the water's density and can even sink ships.

Underwater volcanoes 02

A graphic from The Daily Mail illustrating the threat of underwater volcanoes.

The illustration above from The Daily Mail shows how the process happens. Looking out across the surface of the water, nothing may appear wrong, but tiny bubbles can cause ships to lose buoyancy with little warning. Imagine sailing along, and then watching as the deck of your ship falls through the surface of the water—it's a pretty horrifying thought.

Now, you may be thinking this is science fiction or some sort of Bermuda Triangle myth, but it's actually a real phenomenon. In 1952, Japanese research vessel Kaiyo Maru No. 5 sank while investigating an undersea volcano, killing all 31 crew members.

Underwater volcanoes 03

An underwater volcano eruption releasing gas and lava. Source: NOAA/Wikipedia

There's also strong suspicion the underwater volcano Kick 'em Jenny (yes, we know, it's a strange name for a volcano) sank the Island Queen in 1944, killing all 67 people on board. No debris was ever found on the surface, indicating that the ship sank without a trace. Even today, there's a maritime exclusion zone that diverts ships around the Kick 'em Jenny volcano due to the danger.

In 2006, sailors aboard the yacht Maiken came across a huge patch of sandy material in the South Pacific near the Vava'u Islands. At first, they thought it was a sandbar, but as they got closer, it turned out to be floating pumice stone, spanning as far as the eye could see. They sailed through this patch of stone, wondering what caused it.

Underwater volcanoes 01

Photos taken by the crew of the Maiken as it sailed over an erupting volcano.

Shortly after reaching the other side of the pumice “sandbar”, a massive volcanic eruption broke the surface behind them. The Maiken had sailed over an active volcano, miraculously not hitting a gas pocket or sustaining any damage. You can view the rest of the Maiken's photos here.

Although submarine volcanoes can be unpredictable, the safest option is to avoid marked maritime exclusion zones—and don't let your curiosity about strange phenomenon at sea lead you into danger.

Q&A with Doug Marcaida

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Today we had the opportunity to interview a very special guest: Doug Marcaida. Doug is a man of many talents—he's the founder and expert martial arts instructor at Marcaida Kali, an experienced knife designer (known for the DART karambit), and also one of the judges on the History channel hit TV series Forged in Fire.

Even though he has been on the road in Europe, Doug graciously answered our questions and gave us some insight into his martial arts and knife-designing philosophies. In fact, he gave us so much good info, we decided to split it into two parts for both RECOILweb and OFFGRIDweb readers. Check out the Q&A below, then hit the link at the bottom of this page for even more of Doug's answers at RECOILweb.

General Questions

OFFGRIDweb: First of all, thanks very much for taking the time to chat with us today. For our readers who aren't familiar, please tell us a little about Marcaida Kali, and the martial arts training philosophy you pass along to your students.

Doug Marcaida: Marcaida Kali is my personal interpretation of the different Filipino Martial Arts systems I trained in. It is a weapons-based art that develops the use of tools as weapons, because in the end, the methodology and training process is to be able to realize and use what is to me the only weapon: your mind.

The philosophy of this art is that “it's not about how many you hurt, but how many you can protect”. Honor and integrity through the practice of the arts. Many times, we get caught up with how bad ass one's martial arts is. Well, these are weapons. We know that there is a body count. Let's not glorify the obvious, but find the responsibility one gets from training, and also seek to develop the good attributes aside from the physical skills and bring back what good qualities martial training develops in a person.

OG: We're excited to check out the new season of Forged in Fire on the History channel. Can you tell us a little about your involvement in the show, and how that started?

DM: I am one of the judges in the show, and I represent the end user of the weapons. In the end, these works of art have to prove to be fully-functional weapons that will have to stand up to a strength and durability, sharpness and kill test. I simply get to test the weapons with the specially-designed tests. Because this is a competition, I have to let the weapons do the work so we can differentiate and pick the best weapon presented.

Doug Marcaida interview 05

OG: What was one of the biggest challenges about being part of a major TV show?

DM: The biggest challenge for me is not being able to go up against a target that fights back to give me a true test of the weapons capabilities, because my expertise is about the use of the weapons in combat. Also, that these are fully functional and sharpened weapons that I do not touch till the actual testing. I don't have time to dial in my strikes or get familiar with the weapon. There is no “do over” aside from testing with a sharp weapon, safety is also important.

This is a competition about weapons forging, and not about me or what I do. But I am blessed to be part of an exciting show that on a personal level has taught me so many things about the weapons I wield. It's almost as if I've come full circle, because now I also understand the creation process and don't limit myself to the design and use of edged weapons.

OG: We're sure there were also many upsides to being on Forged in Fire. How has being on TV positively impacted you and your business?

DM: The biggest upside for me is that I have learned so much about the weapons I train with. From discovering iconic weapons from history to understanding the process of blade making. It has allowed to give a true personal understanding, and in a romantic sense, to be able to see the process where the soul of the blade smith is transferred to the weapon.

Doug Marcaida interview 03

In terms of business, I can't deny the exposure has allowed people to see my craft and what I do when they search deeper into who the judges are. Kali or Filipino Martial Arts are not as exposed as other arts. It's used in many movies like the Bourne series, to Blade and even 300. But in due time with the advent of media and shows like this, it really helps give exposure to my craft.

OG: How did you begin your career as a knife designer?

DM: One of our methodologies of training is to have trainers that match the real knives or weapons you would carry on a regular basis. And in the weapons world, like underwear… you can't only have one. (laughs)

In my training group, we would often discuss the attributes of our tactics and then imagine what kind of knife or weapon would best allow us to execute the desired result or action. This then allowed me to design the blades we use in our group. That's how I got started.

OG: If you could go back in time with the knowledge you have now, would you have approached your knife-designing career differently?

DM: Design wise, no. I'm quite blessed that my journey has been a positive one, even with some ups and downs. But what I would have liked to add is the forging process.

OG: How important are knives in Marcaida Kali? What if your student is without a knife?

DM: Knives are tools. It's the attribute of a tool that has an edge. If you train in our system and understand the process, then you would realize that you are never without a weapon, because you are the weapon. And your environment always provides you with tools.

Doug Marcaida interview 02

The use of tools is important because they are force multipliers in combat. And the true nature of combat is weapons or tools use. Not hand-to-hand combat, as history has shown. There never was a battle or war fought with hand-to-hand combat. Somebody always ruins the party and shows up with a knife. (laughs) But we also know that a knife can be an equalizer—a 7-year-old or 90-year-old can punch and hit, and their age makes a difference in damage. But a knife wielded by someone the same age? Get my point?

What we also teach is that everything has to be wielded by the body. So, we choose something inanimate that doesn't affect the body. It's a risk to make skin-to-skin contact. Our hands are for loving, and an inanimate object never complains when it hits or gets hit. Our training uses the same moves with or without a tool. We call these physical weapons. But once again we go for the choice that gives us maximum effect for the least effort or risk. In survival, it's about making the best choices that give you the highest percentage of success.

OFFGRIDweb Exclusive Questions

OG: Do you carry a knife every day? If so, please tell us about the knife you have with you today, and the features that made you choose it as part of your EDC.

DM: My EDC varies, depending on what I feel like carrying or what matches my shoes. Today it might be the DART knife, but for more rugged use I have designed the DART XT, which is coming out in March. It's based on the Direct Action Response theory for use. It has to have the ability to open as it deploys. It has to have the ability for retention, which is a ring. It can be used for impact if not deployed, and straight bladed for EDC use.

Doug Marcaida interview 06

On another design venture, I have a collaboration with another designer Bastien Bastinelli with new knives that tell stories. The Le Piquer or scalpel shiv, the fast-opening folder we call the Mako, and a blade called the Contrador. Watch for it.

Just as times change, so do the designs of knives and tactics. I always like to engage my thoughts, and designing knives and their uses is my creative process that keeps my passion for what I do active and ever-evolving. And yes, there is another project that will reflect this. Just like my videos show the constant movement and flow, so goes the constant movement and ideas in my head. I know, it's too much coffee and energy drinks.

OG: What other essential tools does your EDC usually incorporate?

DM: The ability to cut, deploy quickly, ease of carry and concealment if need be, retention, and to have an option to use as an impact weapon.

OG: In previous OFFGRID Web posts, we have mentioned the potential dangers of attempting to fend off a knife attack while unarmed. What would you advise a reader to do if an attacker draws a knife, and the reader is unarmed?

DM: If you have time to think and react, then you have time to run. But if you have time to pick anything up, or use your environment, do so. Never stay in one place. Always move. For knives to hit their mark you need close distance. A moving target is hard to hit. A target that moves and hits back is the kind of target you want to be. So, learn how to attack. Learn to make offense your defense. If you are faced with no other choice, then you fight a knife. You don't defend against it. That requires training. Be vigilant about your own safety. Study something.

Doug Marcaida interview 07

Doug has trained civilians, military members, and law enforcement officers around the world.

OG: On the other hand, what would you say about a reader drawing a knife to defend themselves against an unarmed attacker, or a group of attackers?

DM: In the eyes of the law, you can only do what is required to keep you safe or defuse the situation of danger. The one-upmanship may only apply to military or law enforcement, not civilians. Like I said, if you have the time to draw a knife from a concealed carry, did you have the time to run? Is your choice of drawing a knife against an unarmed attacker going to be justified in a court of law? The one thing based on your question says “unarmed ATTACKER”. There are laws that protect you and allow you protect yourself with lethal force if your life is in danger. Survive, but be smart. Make the right choices. 9 times out of 10, you probably could have gone less-than-lethal and de-escalated the situation.

But wait, there's more! Click here to read additional questions and answers from our interview with Doug Marcaida on RECOILweb.

To learn more about Doug Marcaida and Marcaida Kali martial arts techniques, visit DougMarcaida.com.

Knife Steel Comparison Guide

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You've probably realized it by now: we're pretty passionate about knives. It's bordering on all-out obsession. In our defense, a good knife is extremely important to any survivalist, no matter the environment. Your knife is your shelter construction tool, your kindling-gathering implement, your cooking utensil, and even your self-defense weapon.

Choosing a good knife matters, and that's why we talk about it as often as we do.

Tools for Survival - Knife

The TOPS Anaconda 7B is constructed of ultra-tough 1095 carbon steel.

So, how do you choose the right knife? Well, there are a lot of factors to consider, like size, shape, weight, folding or fixed blade, additional features, and cost. However, there's one factor that might just top all the others: the steel. After all, a knife is essentially just a sharpened hunk of steel with a handle, so its molecular composition changes everything.

Knife steel comparison 02

Vanadium (seen here in pure form) is added to many premium steels to improve wear resistance. Photo: Wikipedia

Trust us, analyzing knife steel is a deep rabbit hole. If you read enough about the metallurgy process, you'll feel like you need a degree in Materials Engineering to understand it all. Fortunately for us, there are some tools online that make knife steel comparison much easier.

Knife steel comparison 03

A chart from Knife Informer (formerly Best Pocket Knife Today) comparing common blade steel types.

For a good overall introduction, we'd suggest you read the Essential Guide to Knife Steel from Knife Informer. It covers the five key properties of knives:

  1. Hardness
  2. Toughness
  3. Wear Resistance
  4. Corrosion Resistance
  5. Edge Retention
ZT 0630 knife review 02

The Zero Tolerance 0630 uses high-end S35VN steel, but it comes at a premium price.

The guide also covers the differences between tool steel, carbon steel, and stainless. Then, it gives brief introductions to some of the most common knife steels, and their strengths and weaknesses.

Keep in mind that the guide's “Ultra Premium”, “Mid-Range”, and “Low-End” labels are a subjective touch. It refers to 1095 carbon steel as “Lower Mid-Range”, but also mentions that its extreme toughness and ease of sharpening makes it one of the best choices for a fixed-blade survival knife. So, don't rule out a knife based on that metric.

benchmade-knife-co-916-triage-blade

The Benchmade Triage uses Bohler N680, which features extreme corrosion resistance.

For a more in-depth look at knife steel composition, check out Knife Informer's excellent Knife Steel Composition Chart. It breaks down the elemental composition used in each type of steel, for those who want to dive deeper into the technical side.

No matter what steel you choose, do your research beforehand. Otherwise, you might end up with an expensive, dull paperweight.

Special thanks to reader Sean H. for the tip about the Steel Composition Chart.